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"Charleston" rhythm, simple rhythm commonly used in comping. [1] Play example ⓘ. In jazz, comping (an abbreviation of accompaniment; [2] or possibly from the verb, to "complement") is the chords, rhythms, and countermelodies that keyboard players (piano or organ), guitar players, or drummers use to support a musician's improvised solo or melody lines.
A chord chart (or chart) is a form of musical notation that describes the basic harmonic and rhythmic information for a song or tune. It is the most common form of notation used by professional session musicians playing jazz or popular music. It is intended primarily for a rhythm section (usually consisting of piano, guitar, drums and bass).
For example, if a tune is in the key of C, if there is a G chord, the chord-playing performer usually voices this chord as G 7. While the notes of a G 7 chord are G–B–D–F, jazz often omits the fifth of the chord—and even the root if playing in a group. [ 2 ]
Rhythm changes is a common 32-bar jazz chord progression derived from George Gershwin's "I Got Rhythm". The progression is in AABA form , with each A section based on repetitions of the ubiquitous I–vi–ii–V sequence (or variants such as iii–vi–ii–V), and the B section using a circle of fifths sequence based on III 7 –VI 7 –II 7 ...
Analytic practice in Jazz recognizes four basic chord types, plus diminished seventh chords. The four basic chord types are major, minor, minor-major, and dominant. When written in a jazz chart, these chords may have alterations specified in parentheses after the chord symbol. An altered note is a note which is a deviation from the canonical ...
Sometimes, especially in blues music, musicians will take chords which are normally minor chords and make them major. The most popular example is the I–VI–ii–V–I progression; normally, the vi chord would be a minor chord (or m 7, m 6, m ♭ 6 etc.) but here the major third makes it a secondary dominant leading to ii, i.e. V/ii.
The progression is an example of centripetal harmony, harmony which leads to the tonic and an example of the circle progression, a progression along the circle of fourths. Though creating or featuring chromaticism, the bass (if the roots of the chords), and often the melody, are pentatonic.
Ostinato basslines or riffs are common in rock music and in some types of jazz. An example is the bassline to "A Night in Tunisia". outside. In jazz, to improvise in an "outside" manner means to play solo arpeggios and scales that are harmonically distant from the chord being played by the rhythm section and which are thus more dissonant-sounding.