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In neuroanatomy, the trigeminal nerve (lit. triplet nerve), also known as the fifth cranial nerve, cranial nerve V, or simply CN V, is a cranial nerve responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing; it is the most complex of the cranial nerves.
The sensory trigeminal nerve nuclei are the largest of the cranial nerve nuclei, and extend through the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla, and into the upper cervical spinal cord. The nucleus is divided into three parts, from rostral to caudal (top to bottom in humans): The mesencephalic nucleus; The principal sensory nucleus
In neuroanatomy, the mandibular nerve (V 3) is the largest of the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve, the fifth cranial nerve (CN V). Unlike the other divisions of the trigeminal nerve ( ophthalmic nerve , maxillary nerve ) which contain only afferent fibers , the mandibular nerve contains both afferent and efferent fibers .
The trigeminal ganglion contains cell bodies of the pseudo-unipolar sensory neurons of the trigeminal nerve which extend their axons both distally/peripherally into the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve on the one end, and proximally/centrally to the brainstem on the other end; the trigeminal root extends from the trigeminal ganglion to the ventrolateral aspect of the pons.
The trigeminal nerve goes from the brain to the face and branches out into three locations (hence the tri in the name). One branch runs along the scalp, providing sensation there.
The ophthalmic nerve (CN V 1) is a sensory nerve of the head.It is one of three divisions of the trigeminal nerve (CN V), a cranial nerve.It has three major branches which provide sensory innervation to the eye, and the skin of the upper face and anterior scalp, as well as other structures of the head.
Trigeminal neuralgia. This disorder is characterized by episodes of severe facial pain along the trigeminal nerve divisions. The trigeminal nerve is a paired cranial nerve that has three major branches: the ophthalmic nerve (V 1), the maxillary nerve (V 2), and the mandibular nerve (V 3). One, two, or all three branches of the nerve may be ...
The oculomotor nerve (III), trochlear nerve (IV), abducens nerve (VI) and the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve (V1) travel through the cavernous sinus into the superior orbital fissure, passing out of the skull into the orbit. The maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2) passes through foramen rotundum in the sphenoid bone.