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Vascular dementia; Other names: Dementia due to cerebrovascular disease; [1] Vascular cognitive impairment [2] Brain atrophy from vascular dementia: Specialty: Psychiatry, neurology Symptoms: Cognitive impairment, short-term memory loss [3] Complications: Heart disease, loss of ability to care for self and interact, pneumonia [4] Causes
Severe cognitive impairment is a form of cognitive impairment that can be distinguished from the "mild" and "moderate" types of impairment. In the United States, the existence of severe cognitive impairment is a condition that triggers benefit payments under most long-term care insurance policies. [1]
Radiation-induced cognitive decline describes the possible correlation between radiation therapy and cognitive impairment. Radiation therapy is used mainly in the treatment of cancer. Radiation therapy can be used to cure, care or shrink tumors that are interfering with quality of life.
Cognitive impairment is an inclusive term to describe any characteristic that acts as a barrier to the cognition process or different areas of cognition. [1] Cognition, also known as cognitive function, refers to the mental processes of how a person gains knowledge, uses existing knowledge, and understands things that are happening around them using their thoughts and senses. [2]
Based on the results of a 2019 Cochrane meta-analysis of available studies the Mini-ACE should only be used as an adjunct to a full clinical assessment and not alone for the screening of dementia or mild cognitive impairment in patients presenting with or at risk for cognitive decline. [14]
The Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) is a brief neuropsychological assessment used to assess the severity of cognitive symptoms of dementia. It is one of the most widely used cognitive scales in clinical trials [ 1 ] and is considered to be the “gold standard” for assessing antidementia treatments.
Why some patients with microvascular angina subsequently develop vascular cognitive impairment and others do not is an unanswered question. Potential underpinning mechanisms include premature vascular aging and clustering of vascular risk factors leading to an accelerated cardiovascular risk. [21]
The main principle distinguishing neurocognitive disorders from mood disorders and other psychiatric conditions that involve a cognitive component (i.e. increased lapses in memory noted by patients with depression) is that cognitive decline is the "defining characteristic" of the disorder.