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Antiphospholipid syndrome, or antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS or APLS), is an autoimmune, hypercoagulable state caused by antiphospholipid antibodies.APS can lead to blood clots in both arteries and veins, pregnancy-related complications, and other symptoms like low platelets, kidney disease, heart disease, and rash.
Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) is the familial occurrence of this disorder, probably caused by decreased LDL receptor and increased ApoB. Acquired combined hyperlipidemia is extremely common in patients who have other diseases from the metabolic syndrome ("syndrome X", incorporating diabetes mellitus type II , hypertension , central ...
They are one of the three major causes of death in pregnancy (16%) along with post partum bleeding (13%) and puerperal infections (2%). [6] Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, such as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia, are a major contributor to maternal and fetal illness and death on a worldwide scale.
Pre-existing disease in pregnancy, or an acquired disease: A disease and condition not necessarily directly caused by the pregnancy. Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy; Lupus in pregnancy; Thyroid disease in pregnancy; Risks arising from previous pregnancies: Complications experienced during a previous pregnancy are more likely to recur. [64] [65]
The major causes of hyperlipidemia are either genetic or lifestyle causes. Individuals with a genetic predisposition for hyperlipidemia or a family history are more at risk for this disease. However, unhealthy habits can lead to secondary hyperlipidemia: [ 6 ] A diet heavy in trans fats or saturated fats, contained in red meats and dairy, can ...
Pre-eclampsia is a multi-system disorder specific to pregnancy, characterized by the new onset of high blood pressure and often a significant amount of protein in the urine or by the new onset of high blood pressure along with significant end-organ damage, with or without the proteinuria.
High cholesterol levels normally do not cause any symptoms. Yellow deposits of cholesterol-rich fat may be seen in various places on the body such as around the eyelids (known as xanthelasma palpebrarum), the outer margin of the iris (known as arcus senilis corneae), and in the tendons of the hands, elbows, knees and feet, particularly the Achilles tendon (known as a tendon xanthoma).
The disease leads to premature atherosclerosis and therefore a possible early onset of coronary artery disease and peripheral vascular disease leading to a heart attack, i.e. myocardial infarction, chest pain on exercise, i.e. angina pectoris or stroke in young adults or middle aged patients.