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  2. Fetal circulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal_circulation

    In humans, the circulatory system is different before and after birth. The fetal circulation is composed of the placenta, umbilical blood vessels encapsulated by the umbilical cord, heart and systemic blood vessels. A major difference between the fetal circulation and postnatal circulation is that the lungs are not used during the fetal stage ...

  3. Ductus arteriosus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ductus_arteriosus

    The most common NSAID used is Indomethacin, which is usually administered in the first week after birth. [4] However, in the presence of a congenital defect with impaired lung perfusion (e.g. Pulmonary stenosis and left-to-right shunt through the ductus), it may be advisable to improve oxygenation by maintaining the ductus open with ...

  4. Umbilical artery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbilical_artery

    The umbilical artery regresses after birth. A portion obliterates to become the medial umbilical ligament (not to be confused with the median umbilical ligament, a different structure that represents the remnant of the embryonic urachus). A portion remains open as a branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery.

  5. Patent ductus arteriosus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent_ductus_arteriosus

    The ductus arteriosus is a fetal blood vessel that normally closes soon after birth. This closure is caused by vessel constriction immediately after birth as circulation changes occur, followed by the occlusion of the vessel’s lumen in the following days. [1]

  6. Adaptation to extrauterine life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptation_to_extrauterine...

    During this transition, some types of congenital heart disease that were not symptomatic in utero during fetal circulation will present with cyanosis or respiratory signs. Changing the composition of hemoglobin before and after birth. Also identifies the types of cells and organs in which the gene expression (data on Wood W.G., (1976). Br. Med.

  7. Fossa ovalis (heart) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossa_ovalis_(heart)

    Almost immediately after the infant is born, the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus close. The major changes that are made by the body occur at the first breath (in the case of heart and lung functions) and up to weeks after birth (such as the liver's enzyme synthesis). The foramen ovale becomes the fossa ovalis as the foramen closes while ...

  8. Ductus venosus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ductus_venosus

    After the ductus venosus closes, its remnant is known as ligamentum venosum. If the ductus venosus fails to occlude after birth, it remains patent (open), and the individual is said to have a patent ductus venosus and thus an intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (PSS). [4] This condition is hereditary in some dog breeds (e.g. Irish Wolfhound).

  9. Aortic arches - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic_arches

    The proximal part of the sixth right arch persists as the proximal part of the right pulmonary artery while the distal section degenerates; The sixth left arch gives off the left pulmonary artery and forms the ductus arteriosus; this duct remains pervious during the whole of fetal life, but then closes within the first few days after birth due ...