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The Galilean moons are named after Galileo Galilei, who observed them in either December 1609 or January 1610, and recognized them as satellites of Jupiter in March 1610; [2] they remained the only known moons of Jupiter until the discovery of the fifth largest moon of Jupiter Amalthea in 1892. [3]
The camera system was designed to obtain images of Jupiter's satellites at resolutions 20 to 1,000 times better than Voyager 's best, because Galileo flew closer to the planet and its inner moons, and because the more modern CCD sensor in Galileo 's camera was more sensitive and had a broader color detection band than the vidicons of Voyager. [2]
Starting with Galileo's first orbit, the spacecraft's camera, the Solid-State Imager (SSI), began taking one or two images per orbit of Io while the moon was in Jupiter's shadow. This allowed Galileo to monitor high-temperature volcanic activity on Io by observing thermal emission sources across its surface. [ 68 ]
The four "Galilean moons" were named after Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei, who is thought to have discovered them in 1610. ... Jupiter will be visible in the night sky between the nearly full ...
Io (/ ˈ aɪ. oʊ /), or Jupiter I, is the innermost and second-smallest of the four Galilean moons of the planet Jupiter.Slightly larger than Earth's moon, Io is the fourth-largest moon in the Solar System, has the highest density of any moon, the strongest surface gravity of any moon, and the lowest amount of water by atomic ratio of any known astronomical object in the Solar System.
The Galileo spacecraft was the first to enter orbit around Jupiter, arriving in 1995 and studying it until 2003. During this period, Galileo gathered a large amount of information about the Jovian system, making close approaches to all of the Galilean moons and finding evidence for thin atmospheres on three of them, as well as the possibility ...
Animation of Galileo 's trajectory around Jupiter from 1 August 1995 to 30 September 2003 Galileo · Jupiter · Io · Europa · Ganymede · Callisto. The first spacecraft to orbit Jupiter was the Galileo orbiter, which went into orbit around Jupiter on
Galileo's sketches of the Moon from Sidereus Nuncius. Sidereus Nuncius contains more than seventy drawings and diagrams of the Moon, certain constellations such as Orion, the Pleiades, and Taurus, and the Medicean Stars of Jupiter. Galileo's text also includes descriptions, explanations, and theories of his observations.