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Regulation is generally defined as legislation imposed by a government on individuals and private sector firms in order to regulate and modify economic behaviors. [1] Conflict can occur between public services and commercial procedures (e.g. maximizing profit ), the interests of the people using these services (see market failure ), and also ...
Regulation in the social, political, psychological, and economic domains can take many forms: legal restrictions promulgated by a government authority, contractual obligations (for example, contracts between insurers and their insureds [1]), self-regulation in psychology, social regulation (e.g. norms), co-regulation, third-party regulation, certification, accreditation or market regulation.
A variety of forms of regulations exist in a regulated market. These include controls, oversights, anti-discrimination, environmental protection, taxation, and labor laws. [1] In a regulated market, the government regulatory agency may legislate regulations that privilege special interests, known as regulatory capture. [1]
The two forms of capitalist economic systems include liberal market economies (LMEs) and coordinated market economies (CMEs). [9] [11] LMEs entail a system of economic laws that leans towards the notion of a free market. This involves laws regulating economic activity favouring minimal government intervention of a business's competitive landscape.
Examples of regulatory agencies that enforce standards include the Food and Drug Administration in the United States and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency in the United Kingdom; and, in the case of economic regulation, the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets and the Telecom Regulatory Authority in India.
The public interest theory of regulation claims that government regulation acts to protect and benefit the public. [1] The public interest is "the welfare or well-being of the general public" and society. [2] Regulation in this context means the employment of legal instruments (laws and rules) for the implementation of policy objectives.
The First Amendment protects the right to speak freely, but there are limits. Sometimes, citizens go too far, but sometimes so does the government.
This approach differs from other regulatory techniques, e.g. the use of economic incentives, which frequently includes the use of taxes and subsidies as incentives for compliance. [2] The ‘command’ is the presentation of quality standards/targets by a government authority that must be complied with.