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  2. Phagocytosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phagocytosis

    Overview of phagocytosis Phagocytosis versus exocytosis. Phagocytosis (from Ancient Greek φαγεῖν (phagein) 'to eat' and κύτος (kytos) 'cell') is the process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle (≥ 0.5 μm), giving rise to an internal compartment called the phagosome. It is one type of endocytosis.

  3. Respiratory burst - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_burst

    Respiratory burst (or oxidative burst) is the rapid release of the reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion (O − 2) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2), from different cell types. This is usually utilised for mammalian immunological defence, but also plays a role in cell signalling.

  4. Macrophage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage

    The iron that is released from the haemoglobin is either stored internally in ferritin or is released into the circulation via ferroportin. In cases where systemic iron levels are raised, or where inflammation is present, raised levels of hepcidin act on macrophage ferroportin channels, leading to iron remaining within the macrophages.

  5. Phagocyte - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phagocyte

    The phagocyte then stretches itself around the bacterium and engulfs it. Phagocytosis of bacteria by human neutrophils takes on average nine minutes. [25] Once inside this phagocyte, the bacterium is trapped in a compartment called a phagosome. Within one minute the phagosome merges with either a lysosome or a granule to form a phagolysosome.

  6. Alveolar macrophage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolar_macrophage

    Micrograph showing hemosiderin-laden alveolar macrophages, as seen in a pulmonary hemorrhage. H&E stain.. An alveolar macrophage, pulmonary macrophage, (or dust cell) is a type of macrophage, a professional phagocyte, found in the airways and at the level of the alveoli in the lungs, but separated from their walls.

  7. Respiration (physiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiration_(physiology)

    In physiology, respiration is the movement of oxygen from the outside environment to the cells within tissues, and the removal of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction to the surrounding environment by a Respiratory system.

  8. Chemotaxis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotaxis

    The Nobel Prize laureate I. Metchnikoff also contributed to the study of the field during 1882 to 1886, with investigations of the process as an initial step of phagocytosis. [11] The significance of chemotaxis in biology and clinical pathology was widely accepted in the 1930s, and the most fundamental definitions underlying the phenomenon were ...

  9. Cellular respiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_respiration

    Aerobic respiration requires oxygen (O 2) in order to create ATP.Although carbohydrates, fats and proteins are consumed as reactants, aerobic respiration is the preferred method of pyruvate production in glycolysis, and requires pyruvate to the mitochondria in order to be oxidized by the citric acid cycle.