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In rat liver, the total amount of NAD + and NADH is approximately 1 μmole per gram of wet weight, about 10 times the concentration of NADP + and NADPH in the same cells. [17] The actual concentration of NAD + in cell cytosol is harder to measure, with recent estimates in animal cells ranging around 0.3 mM , [ 18 ] [ 19 ] and approximately 1.0 ...
Biosensors used for screening combinatorial DNA libraries. In a biosensor, the bioreceptor is designed to interact with the specific analyte of interest to produce an effect measurable by the transducer. High selectivity for the analyte among a matrix of other chemical or biological components is a key requirement of the bioreceptor.
Mechanism 2. Hydride transfer by abstraction of hydride from NADH: Mechanism 3. Radical formation by electron abstraction: Mechanism 4. The loss of hydride to electron deficient R group: Mechanism 5. Use of nucleophilic addition to break R 1-R 2 bond: Mechanism 6. Carbon radical reacts with O 2 and acid to form H 2 O 2
NADH dehydrogenase is used in the electron transport chain for generation of ATP. The EC term NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) (EC 1.6.5.11) is defined for NADH dehydrogenases that use a quinone (excluding ubiquinone) as the acceptor. The EC term NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) (EC 7.1.1.2) is defined for those with ubiquinone as the acceptor.
Complex I (EC 1.6.5.3) (also referred to as NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase or, especially in the context of the human protein, NADH dehydrogenase) is a proton pump driven by electron transport. It belongs to the H + or Na +-translocating NADH Dehydrogenase (NDH) Family (TC# 3.D.1), a member of the Na + transporting Mrp superfamily.
In eukaryotes, NADH is the most important electron donor. The associated electron transport chain is NADH → Complex I → Q → Complex III → cytochrome c → Complex IV → O 2 where Complexes I, III and IV are proton pumps, while Q and cytochrome c are mobile electron carriers. The electron acceptor for this process is molecular oxygen.
NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase, also known as NADH dehydrogenase or complex I, is the first protein in the electron transport chain. [18] Complex I is a giant enzyme with the mammalian complex I having 46 subunits and a molecular mass of about 1,000 kilodaltons (kDa). [ 19 ]
The same set of enzymes is sometimes referred to as glycine synthase when it runs in the reverse direction to form glycine. [2] The glycine cleavage system is composed of four proteins: the T-protein, P-protein, L-protein, and H-protein. They do not form a stable complex, [3] so it is more appropriate to call it a "system" instead of a "complex".
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