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Its pungent flavor is due to allyl isothiocyanate, a phytochemical of plants in the mustard family, Brassicaceae (for example, cabbage, horseradish or wasabi).. Mustard oil has about 60% monounsaturated fatty acids (42% erucic acid and 12% oleic acid); it has about 21% polyunsaturated fats (6% the omega-3 alpha-linolenic acid and 15% the omega-6 linoleic acid), and it has about 12% saturated fats.
Such a triglyceride has a high iodine value (approx. 119). Below, the reaction product after the addition of four equivalents of iodine or bromine to the four C=C double bonds of the unsaturated fatty acid residues. The determination of iodine value is a particular example of iodometry. A solution of iodine I 2 is yellow/brown in color.
The plants contain the enzyme myrosinase, which, in the presence of water, cleaves off the glucose group from a glucosinolate. [11] The remaining molecule then quickly converts to an isothiocyanate, a nitrile, or a thiocyanate; these are the active substances that serve as defense for the plant. Glucosinolates are also called mustard oil ...
Ascorbate is a known cofactor of myrosinase, serving as a base catalyst in glucosinolate hydrolysis. [1] [7] For example, myrosinase isolated from daikon (Raphanus sativus) demonstrated an increase in V max from 2.06 μmol/min per mg of protein to 280 μmol/min per mg of protein on the substrate, allyl glucosinolate (sinigrin) when in the presence of 500 μM ascorbate. [4]
Animal fats are lipids derived from animals which are used by the animal for a multitude of functions, or can be used by humans for dietary, sanitary, and cosmetic purposes. Depending on the temperature of the fat, it can change between a solid state and a liquid ( oil ) state.
As far as condiments go, mustard has enjoyed a particularly long history of popularity -- nonetheless, it still holds a bit of mystery. 5 surprising facts about mustard Skip to main content
Natural food sources of iodine include seafood which contains fish, seaweeds, kelp, shellfish and other foods which contain dairy products, eggs, meats, vegetables, so long as the animals ate iodine richly, and the plants are grown on iodine-rich soil. [114] [115] Iodised salt is fortified with potassium iodate, a salt of iodine, potassium, oxygen.
The product obtained in this fashion is known as volatile oil of mustard. It is used principally as a flavoring agent in foods. Synthetic allyl isothiocyanate is used as an insecticide , as an anti-mold agent [ 9 ] bacteriocide , [ 10 ] and nematicide , and is used in certain cases for crop protection. [ 4 ]