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See the discussion of official common names under common name for an explanation. Common nouns may be capitalized when used as names for the entire class of such things, e.g. what a piece of work is Man. Other Romance languages such as French often capitalize such nouns as l'État (the state) and l'Église (the church) when not referring to ...
APA Style is a “down” style, meaning that words are lowercase unless there is specific guidance to capitalize them such as words beginning a sentence; proper nouns and trade names; job titles and positions; diseases, disorders, therapies, theories, and related terms; titles of works and headings within works; titles of tests and measures; nouns followed by numerals or letters; names of ...
Wikipedia avoids unnecessary capitalization.In English, capitalization is primarily needed for proper names, acronyms, and for the first letter of a sentence. [a] Wikipedia relies on sources to determine what is conventionally capitalized; only words and phrases that are consistently capitalized in a substantial majority of independent, reliable sources are capitalized in Wikipedia.
Like common nouns that are derived or associated with proper names (a few are mentioned above), adjectives, verbs, and adverbs derived from proper names are not themselves proper names, but they are normally still capitalized in English (though not in many other languages): Dickensian and Balkan (adjectives), Balkanize (verb), Trumpishly (adverb).
Duck is a common noun but Mallard is a proper noun for the same reason. In context it becomes a common name when used in a sentence if you are talking about the duck, and a proper noun if you are talking about the name of the species. F-150 always stays a proper noun. City is a common noun but Chicago is a proper noun.
Create redirects from differently capitalized variants of the name to the actual article, since many specialist readers are used to the capitalization being used in journals in their field, and nature guides often capitalize all entries as an aid to visual scanning.
Common nouns are defined as those that are neither proper nouns nor pronouns. [9] They are the most numerous and the most frequently used in English. Common nouns can be further divided into count and non-count nouns. A count noun can take a number as its determiner (e.g., -20 degrees, zero calories, one cat, two bananas, 276 dollars).
Most capitalized adjectives derive from proper nouns; for example, the proper adjective American derives from the proper noun America. Sometimes, an adjective is capitalized because it designates an ethnic group with a shared culture, heritage, or ancestry. This usage asserts the existence of a unified group with common goals.