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James Joule was born in 1818, the son of Benjamin Joule (1784–1858), a wealthy brewer, and his wife, Alice Prescott, on New Bailey Street in Salford. [3] Joule was tutored as a young man by the famous scientist John Dalton and was strongly influenced by chemist William Henry and Manchester engineers Peter Ewart and Eaton Hodgkinson.
Gas exchange is the physical process by which gases move passively by diffusion across a surface. For example, this surface might be the air/water interface of a water body, the surface of a gas bubble in a liquid, a gas-permeable membrane, or a biological membrane that forms the boundary between an organism and its extracellular environment.
Grove's 1839 gas voltaic battery diagram. In 1829, at the Royal Institution, Grove met Emma Maria Powles. [dubious – discuss].They married in 1837. The couple embarked on a tour of the continent for their honeymoon. This sabbatical offered Grove an opportunity to pursue his scientific interests and resulted in his first scientific paper [4] suggestin
The history of thermodynamics is a fundamental strand in the history of physics, the history of chemistry, and the history of science in general. Due to the relevance of thermodynamics in much of science and technology, its history is finely woven with the developments of classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, magnetism, and chemical kinetics, to more distant applied fields such as ...
Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta (UK: / ˈ v ɒ l t ə /, US: / ˈ v oʊ l t ə /; Italian: [alesˈsandro ˈvɔlta]; 18 February 1745 – 5 March 1827) was an Italian physicist and chemist who was a pioneer of electricity and power, [1] [2] [3] and is credited as the inventor of the electric battery and the discoverer of methane.
1988 – Giant magnetoresistance is discovered by Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg. 1988 – The conductance quantum are first demonstrated in quantum point contacts. [92] 1991 – Carbon nanotube are discovered by Sumio Iijima; 1995 – Experimental Bose–Einstein condensate is first demonstrated by Eric Cornell, Carl Wieman and Wolfgang Ketterle.
Michael Faraday was born on 22 September 1791 in Newington Butts, [7] Surrey, which is now part of the London Borough of Southwark. [8] His family was not well off. His father, James, was a member of the Glasite sect of Christianity.
Faraday's belief had been that ions were produced in the process of electrolysis, that is, an external direct current source of electricity was necessary to form ions. Arrhenius proposed that, even in the absence of an electric current, aqueous solutions of salts contained ions. He thus proposed that chemical reactions in solution were ...