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The economic history of the Philippines is shaped by its colonial past, evolving governance, and integration into the global economy. Prior to Spanish colonization in the 16th century, the islands had a flourishing economy centered around agriculture, fisheries, and trade with neighboring countries like China, Japan, and Southeast Asia.
The Wage Rationalization Act, or Republic Act 6727, was enacted in 1989 and it is the ruling law regarding minimum wage rates. It established the National Wages and Productivity Commission which has supervision over Regional Tripartite Wages and Productivity Boards, which ultimately decide on minimum wage rates.
Article 99 of the Labor Code of the Philippines stipulates that an employer may go over but never below minimum wage. Paying below the minimum wage is illegal. [10] The Regional Tripartite Wages and Productivity Boards is the body that sets the amount for the minimum wage. In the Philippines, the minimum wage of a worker depends on where he works.
However, income tax also becomes a factor to income inequality because according to the Tax Management Association of the Philippines, Filipino workers pay the highest income tax in the entire Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) region. [69] An average Filipino worker is taxed 32% as long as he is earning more than the minimum wage.
Polo y servicio was the forced labor system without compensation [1] imposed upon the local population in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period. [2] In concept, it was similar to Repartimiento, a forced labor system used in the Spanish America. [3] The word polo refers to community work, and the laborer was called polista. [4]
The Department of Labor and Employment (Filipino: Kagawaran ng Paggawa at Empleo; [2] DOLE) is one of the executive departments of the Philippine government mandated to formulate policies, implement programs and services, and serve as the policy-coordinating arm of the Executive Branch in the field of labor and employment.
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The Social Security System (SSS; Filipino: Paseguruhan ng mga Naglilingkod sa Pribado) [4] is a state-run social insurance program in the Philippines to workers in the private, professional and informal sectors. SSS is established by virtue of Republic Act No. 1161, better known as the Social Security Act of 1954.