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A typical timber shear wall consists of braced panels in the wall line, constructed using structural plywood sheathing, specific nailing at the edges, and supporting framing. A shear wall is an element of a structurally engineered system that is designed to resist in-plane lateral forces, typically wind and seismic loads.
A shear wall, in its simplest definition, is a wall where the entire material of the wall is employed in the resistance of both horizontal and vertical loads. A typical example is a brick or cinderblock wall. Since the wall material is used to hold the weight, as the wall expands in size, it must hold considerably more weight.
In structural engineering, a diaphragm is a structural element that transmits lateral loads to the vertical resisting elements of a structure (such as shear walls or frames). Diaphragms are typically horizontal but can be sloped in a gable roof on a wood structure or concrete ramp in a parking garage.
By 1963, a new structural system of framed tubes had appeared in skyscraper design and construction. Fazlur Rahman Khan, a structural engineer from Bangladesh (then called East Pakistan) who worked at Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, defined the framed tube structure as "a three dimensional space structure composed of three, four, or possibly more frames, braced frames, or shear walls, joined at or ...
Shear wall frame interaction system: The Cook County Administration Building in Chicago was the first to utilize a shear wall frame interaction system. Khan developed the shear wall frame interaction system for mid high-rise buildings. This structural system uses combinations of shear walls and frames designed to resist lateral forces. [78]
From a designer's point of view, steel plate walls have become a very attractive alternative to other steel systems, or to replace reinforced concrete elevator cores and shear wall. In comparative studies it has been shown that the overall costs of a building can be reduced significantly when considering the following advantages: [5]
Shield wall (castle) Siding (construction) Sleeper wall; Slip forming; Slipform stonemasonry; Slurry wall; Spirit screen; Steel plate shear wall; Stepped gable; Stone cladding; Stone wall; Stone wall trees in Hong Kong; Structural clay tile
The term 'seismic architecture' or 'earthquake architecture' was first introduced in 1985 by Robert Reitherman. [16] The phrase "earthquake architecture" is used to describe a degree of architectural expression of earthquake resistance or implication of architectural configuration, form or style in earthquake resistance.