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2. Closed system - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_system

   In thermodynamics, a closed system is important for solving complicated thermodynamic problems. It allows the elimination of some external factors that could alter the results of the experiment or problem thus simplifying it. A closed system can also be used in situations where thermodynamic equilibrium is required to simplify the situation.

3. Thermodynamic system - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_system

   Overall, in an isolated system, the internal energy is constant and the entropy can never decrease. A closed system's entropy can decrease e.g. when heat is extracted from the system. Isolated systems are not equivalent to closed systems. Closed systems cannot exchange matter with the surroundings, but can exchange energy.

4. Mesocosm - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesocosm

   Diagram of a small form closed system mesocosm. Different components of a successful mesocosm . A mesocosm (meso-or 'medium' and -cosm 'world') is any outdoor experimental system that examines the natural environment under controlled conditions. In this way mesocosm studies provide a link between field surveys and highly controlled laboratory ...

5. Closed system (control theory) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_system_(control_theory)

   The terms closed system and open system have long been defined in the widely (and long before any sort of amplifier was invented) established subject of thermodynamics, in terms that have nothing to do with the concepts of feedback and feedforward. The terms 'feedforward' and 'feedback' arose first in the 1920s in the theory of amplifier design ...

6. Diathermal wall - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diathermal_wall

   In thermodynamics, a diathermal wall between two thermodynamic systems allows heat transfer but does not allow transfer of matter across it.. The diathermal wall is important because, in thermodynamics, it is customary to assume a priori, for a closed system, the physical existence of transfer of energy across a wall that is impermeable to matter but is not adiabatic, transfer which is called ...

7. Isolated system - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isolated_system

   Properties of Isolated, closed, and open systems in exchanging energy and matter. In physical science, an isolated system is either of the following: a physical system so far removed from other systems that it does not interact with them. a thermodynamic system enclosed by rigid immovable walls through which neither mass nor energy can pass.