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Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) or laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the larynx, oropharynx and/or the nasopharynx. [4] [5] LPR causes respiratory symptoms such as cough and wheezing [6] and is often associated with head and neck complaints such as dysphonia, globus pharyngis, and dysphagia. [7]
A number of other causes for losing one's voice exist, and treatment is generally by resting the voice and treating the underlying cause. [2] If the cause is misuse or overuse of the voice, drinking plenty of water may alleviate the problems. [2] It appears to occur more commonly in females and the elderly. [4]
Anti-reflux medications may be prescribed for patients with signs of chronic laryngitis and hoarse voice. [24] If anti-reflux treatment does not result in a decrease of symptoms, other possible causes should be examined. [1] Over-the-counter medications for neutralizing acids and acid suppressants (H-2 blockers) may be used. [7]
Causes of pneumonia in the elderly Pneumonia can be caused by a buildup of bacteria, viruses, or fungi in the lungs. There are several types of bacteria that can cause pneumonia, some typical and ...
What causes hiccups? Many different things can contribute to the involuntary spasm of the diaphragm that cause hiccups. Some such triggers include medications, stress , a recent surgery, nerve ...
Voice rest, drinking water, reduce coughing and throat clearing, no whispering or shouting/screaming Aphonia is defined as the inability to produce voiced sound . [ 1 ] This may result from damage, such as surgery (e.g., thyroidectomy ) or a tumor ., [ 2 ] or can be a result of psychological means.
The swelling of the vocal folds causes the voice to become deep and hoarse. Therefore, the major symptom of Reinke's edema is a hoarseness similar to laryngitis. The major cause associated with Reinke's edema is smoking. In fact, 97 percent of patients diagnosed with Reinke's edema are habitual smokers.
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