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The military machine Napoleon the artilleryman had created was perfectly suited to fight short, violent campaigns, but whenever a long-term sustained effort was in the offing, it tended to expose feet of clay. [...] In the end, the logistics of the French military machine proved wholly inadequate. The experiences of short campaigns had left the French supply services completed unprepared for ...
The second strategy used by Napoleon when confronted with two or more enemy armies was the use of the central position. This allowed Napoleon to drive a wedge to separate the enemy armies. He would then use part of his force to mask one army while the larger portion overwhelmed and defeated the second army quickly.
Napoleon came up with what became known as the Smolensk maneuver, a masterful operation designed to outflank Barclay from the south, cut off the Russians from Moscow and destroy the isolated Russian army, thus bringing the war to an end. [10] [12] The action at Inkovo on 7 August was seen by Napoleon as heralding an immediate Russian attack.
Napoleon with the French Grande Armée began his invasion of Russia on 24 June 1812 by crossing the Niemen. [17] As his Russian army was outnumbered by far, Mikhail Bogdanovich Barclay de Tolly successfully used a "delaying operation", defined as an operation in which a force under pressure trades space for time by slowing down the enemy's momentum and inflicting maximum damage on the enemy ...
Cossacks and Wittgenstein's troops closed in upon Studienka and took the stragglers on the east bank as prisoners. With the pontoon bridges gone, Wittgenstein had no means to cross the river and pursue Napoleon. On the west bank, Napoleon and his Grande Armée were on their way to Vilna. Chichagov sent Chaplits in pursuit of Napoleon but the French had destroyed three successive bridges across ...
1812 Napoleon's Russian Campaign, Richard K. Riehn, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., ISBN 978-0-471-54302-2 With Napoleon In Russia , Armand de Caulaincourt, William Morrow & Co., ISBN 978-0-486-44013-2 Narrative of Events during the Invasion of Russia by Napoleon Bonaparte, and the Retreat of the French Army, 1812 , Sir Robert Wilson, Elibron Classics ...
27 October 1812, 27th bulletin: For Russia it was the end of autumn. The Grande Armée won the Battle of Maloyaroslavets and in the night the Russian army retreated. But Napoleon decided to turn back from marching southwards and to walk northwestwards instead. [50] Napoleon created a strange detour on Minard's map.
Russian key victory 9 November 1812 Battle of Liaskowa: Smolensk First French Empire Russian Empire: Russian victory 13 November 1812 Battle of Nowo Schwerschen: Minsk: Lithuanian PGC Duchy of Warsaw Russian Empire: Russian victory 13–14 November 1812 Battle of Smoliani: Vitebsk First French Empire Russian Empire: Russian victory 14–16 ...