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Transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap [5] Musculocutaneous: Free flap: Free flap breast reconstruction: Transverse upper gracillis (TUG) flap: Musculocutaneous: Free flap: Free flap breast reconstruction: V-Y advancement flap: Cutaneous: Advancement: Rhinoplasty: Worthen forehead flap: Cutaneous: Rotation: Forehead excisions ...
Flap surgery is a technique in plastic and reconstructive surgery where tissue with an intact blood supply is lifted from a donor site and moved to a recipient site. Flaps are distinct from grafts , which do not have an intact blood supply and relies on the growth of new blood vessels.
Research has found that pharyngeal flap surgery has been most effective for those with a sagittal closure pattern (good lateral wall movement but poor velar movement (Armour et al., 2005)). Pharyngeal flap surgery is not recommended for everyone and alternative treatment methods are available. One alternative is the use of a prosthesis. In some ...
Perforator flap surgery is a technique used in reconstructive surgery where skin and/or subcutaneous fat are removed from a distant or adjacent part of the body to reconstruct the excised part. [1] The vessels that supply blood to the flap are isolated perforator(s) derived from a deep vascular system through the underlying muscle or ...
Technique. The Rubens flap consists of the peri-iliac fat pad which is based on the deep circumflex iliac artery and vein. The flap pedicle is 5–6 cm. long and the blood vessels are approximately 2.5 mm. in diameter. Advantages. The length and calibre of the vascular pedicle of the flap are usually sufficient. Bilateral reconstruction is ...
The length and angle of each flap are usually the same to avoid mismatched flaps that may be difficult to close. Some possible complications of Z-plasty include flap necrosis, haematoma (blood clot) formation under the flaps, wound infection, trapdoor effect and sloughing (necrosis) of the flap caused by wound tension and inadequate blood supply.
To overcome this problem, Menick [1] [3] [4] described a three-stage forehead flap technique, [1] where initially the flap is transferred containing all tissue layers, making it an extremely safe technique. Only during the second stage, the flap - which now acts as a delayed flap - can safely be thinned aggressively according to aesthetic needs.
Inferior based pharyngeal flap Superior based pharyngeal flap In patients with cleft palate, the palate must be repaired through a palatoplasty for normal velopharyngeal function. Despite the palatoplasty, 20-30% of these patients will still have some degree of velopharyngeal insufficiency, which will require surgical (or prosthetic) management ...