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  2. A440 (pitch standard) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A440_(pitch_standard)

    The A440 standard is not universally adhered to. Early-music ensembles continue to use older, lower pitch levels. Leonard Bernstein often tuned the New York Philharmonic to A442, leading to complaints from the piano tuners’ union, although he claimed both the New York and Boston orchestras had used this higher pitch for years.

  3. Stringed instrument tunings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stringed_instrument_tunings

    There really is no "standard" tuning for baritone guitar; choice of tuning depends on instrument, stringing, and player's preferences. Guitar, bass: 4 strings 4 courses. Standard/common: E 1 A 1 D 2 G 2. Alternates: D 1 A 1 D 2 G 2; D 1 G 1 C 2 F 2; Bass, electric bass, 4-string bass, Fender bass USA First U.S. patent filed by Leo Fender on ...

  4. List of guitar tunings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_guitar_tunings

    This allows for the note range of B standard tuning without transposing E standard guitar chords down two and a half steps down. Baritone 7-string guitars are available which features a longer scale-length allowing it to be tuned to a lower range. Standard 7-string tuning – B'-E-A-d-g-b-e' Standard tuning for a seven-string guitar.

  5. Standard tuning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_tuning

    Guitar standard tuning (written an octave higher than it sounds). D/F♯ slash chord Play ⓘ. Guitars and bass guitars have more standard tunings, depending on the number of strings an instrument has. six-string guitar (the most common configuration) – E 2 A 2 D 3 G 3 B 3 E 4 (ascending perfect fourths, with an exception between G and B ...

  6. Musical tuning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_tuning

    This is the most common tuning system used in Western music, and is the standard system used as a basis for tuning a piano. Since this scale divides an octave into twelve equal-ratio steps and an octave has a frequency ratio of two, the frequency ratio between adjacent notes is then the twelfth root of two, 2 1/12 ≋ 1.05946309... .

  7. Guitar tunings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guitar_tunings

    In standard tuning, there is an interval of a major third between the second and third strings, and all the other intervals are fourths. The irregularity has a price. Chords cannot be shifted around the fretboard in the standard tuning E–A–D–G–B–E, which requires four chord-shapes for the major chords.

  8. Regular tuning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_tuning

    Neighboring the standard tuning is the all-thirds tuning that has the open strings E2–G ♯ 2–B ♯ 2–E3–G ♯ 3–B ♯ 3 (or F ♭ 2–A ♭ 2–C3–F ♭ 3–A ♭ 3–C4). [4] With six strings, major-thirds tuning has a smaller range than standard tuning; with seven strings, the major-thirds tuning covers the range of standard ...

  9. Quartal and quintal harmony - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartal_and_quintal_harmony

    The terms quartal and quintal imply a contrast, either compositional or perceptual, with traditional harmonic constructions based on thirds: listeners familiar with music of the common practice period are guided by tonalities constructed with familiar elements: the chords that make up major and minor scales, all in turn built from major and minor thirds.