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Celiac disease affects ~1% of the population in most parts of the world. [3] Ninety to one hundred percent of patients with coeliac disease have inherited genes at the HLA-DQ locus that encode HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 serotype proteins. [12] About 2–3% of individuals who inherit these HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 serotypes develop coeliac disease. [10]
Treatment: Gluten-free diet [13] Frequency ~1 in 135 [14] Coeliac disease (British English) or celiac disease (American English) is a long-term autoimmune disorder, ...
Autoimmune disease Primary organ/body part affected Autoantibodies Acceptance as an autoimmune disease Prevalence rate (US) Cit. Autoimmune enteropathy: Small intestine: Anti-enterocyte antibodies Probable Rare [24] Autoimmune hepatitis: Liver: ANA, ASMA, anti-LKM1 Confirmed 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 50,000 [25] Celiac disease: Small intestine
Autoimmune conditions related to gluten include celiac disease, dermatitis herpetiformis, and gluten ataxia.There is research showing that in people with gluten ataxia early diagnosis and treatment with a gluten-free diet can improve ataxia and prevent its progression. [9]
The symptoms, which include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, and electrolyte abnormalities, are common among those who have celiac disease. [12] Recent studies suggested this form of sprue-like enteropathy could be caused by the inhibition of TGF-β , a polypeptide cytokine that maintains intestinal homeostasis .
The mainstay of treatment involves open or laparoscopic surgery approaches to divide, or separate, the median arcuate ligament to relieve the compression of the celiac artery. [5] This is combined with removal of the celiac ganglia and evaluation of blood flow through the celiac artery, for example by intraoperative duplex ultrasound.
Duodenal lymphocytosis, sometimes called lymphocytic duodenitis, lymphocytic duodenosis, or duodenal intraepithelial lymphocytosis, is a condition where an increased number of intra-epithelial lymphocytes is seen in biopsies of the duodenal mucosa when these are examined microscopically.
Dermatitis herpetiformis (Duhring's disease) causes an intensely itchy and typically symmetrical rash on arms, thighs, knees, and back. It is directly related to celiac disease, can often be put into remission with an appropriate diet, and tends to get worse at night. (ICD-10 L13.0)