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The Massachusetts Bay Colony (1628–1691), more formally the Colony of Massachusetts Bay, was an English settlement on the east coast of North America around the Massachusetts Bay, one of the several colonies later reorganized as the Province of Massachusetts Bay.
In April 1776, the Massachusetts State Navy adopted, as its flag (naval ensign), a white field charged with a green pine tree and the motto "An Appeal to Heaven." In 1971 the motto was removed, and the flag was designated "the naval and maritime flag of the Commonwealth". [20] Massachusetts is one of only three states with its own maritime ensign.
The Province of Massachusetts Bay [1] was a colony in New England which became one of the thirteen original states of the United States. It was chartered on October 7, 1691, by William III and Mary II, the joint monarchs of the kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and was based in the merging of several earlier British colonies in New England.
The first seal of the Bay Colony had a crude portrayal of a Native with his arrow pointed in a gesture of peace (left). The 1775 revolution seal featured the motto, and armed sword today seen upon the seal crest (right) , and Thomas Little Shell (center) , the Ojibwe chief whose likeness was model for the present-day seal, in tandem with dress ...
These flags were red ensigns and featured an image of a pine, sometimes having the cross of St. George and sometimes without it. The banners without the cross were reminiscent of the blank ensign of the Massachusetts Bay Colony however the blank field was now defaced with a green pine. [28] Banner of the Massachusetts Bay Navy
The Pilgrims were followed by Puritans who established the Massachusetts Bay Colony at Salem (1629) and Boston (1630). [8] The Puritans strongly dissented from the theology and church polity of the Church of England, and they came to Massachusetts for religious freedom. [9] The Bay Colony was founded under a royal charter, unlike Plymouth Colony.
For comparison, it is estimated that more than 20,000 settlers had arrived in Massachusetts Bay Colony between 1630 and 1640 (a period known as the Great Migration), and the population of all New England was estimated to be about 60,000 by 1678. Plymouth was the first colony in the region, but it was much smaller than Massachusetts Bay Colony ...
William III and Mary II eventually issued new charters, but in the process they combined the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Plymouth Colony, and other territories into the province of Massachusetts Bay. [10] Plans to establish the dominion had started under King Charles II early in the 1680s.
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