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Myelin basic protein (MBP) is a protein believed [weasel words] to be important in the process of myelination of nerves in the nervous system. The myelin sheath is a multi-layered membrane, unique to the nervous system, that functions as an insulator to greatly increase the velocity of axonal impulse conduction . [ 5 ]
Biochemical testing indicated the signature autoantibodies (potassium channel antibodies, myelin basic protein antibodies and calcium channel antibodies) were present in experimental mice. [6] This animal model confirmed the hypothesized mechanism of progressive inflammatory neuropathy.
Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) is a glycoprotein that is specific to Schwann cells, which create myelin for nerve cells in the peripheral nervous system. Research through cloning of the rat MAG gene has shown that it is a type I transmembrane protein meaning that it contains domains both inside the cell membrane and outside the cell membrane.
The insulation must be proportional to the diameter of the fibre inside. The optimal ratio of axon diameter divided by the total fiber diameter (which includes the myelin) is 0.6. [24] Oligodendrocytes in rat cerebellum stained with antibody to myelin basic protein in red and for DNA in blue. Two oligodendrocyte cell bodies are clearly visible ...
MAG is a critical protein in the formation and maintenance of myelin sheaths. MAG is localized on the inner membrane of the myelin sheath and interacts with axonal membrane proteins to attach the myelin sheath to the axon. [13] Mutations to the MAG gene are implicated in demyelination diseases such as multiple sclerosis. [14]
Rat hippocampus stained with antibody to NeuN/Fox-3 (green), myelin basic protein (red) and DNA (blue). Antibodies and image courtesy of EnCor Biotechnology Inc. Antibody staining for NeuN/Fox-3 in the adult rat cerebellum in green. The NeuN/Fox-3 antibody binds to the small cerebellum granule cell neurons, which form a prominent layer. In ...
Anti-MOG antibodies have been described in some patients with NMOSD [15] [16] who were negative for the aquaporin 4 (AQP-4) antibody. However, most NMOSD is an astrocytopathy, specifically an AQP4 antibody-associated disease, whereas MOG antibody-associated disease is an oligodendrocytopathy, suggesting that these are two separate pathologic entities. [2]
They differentiate into the less mobile premyelinating oligodendrocytes that further differentiate into oligodendrocytes, [35] a process characterized by the emergence of the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein (PLP), or myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG). [28]
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