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Obama's speech included only a few paragraphs about Israel and laid out his parameters for a peace agreement. When discussing the future border, Obama said it would be based on the 1967 lines, with mutually agreed land swaps—a position very similar to those staked out by Bill Clinton and George W. Bush during their presidencies.
It served as the de facto borders of the State of Israel from 1949 until the Six-Day War in 1967, and continues to represent Israel's internationally recognized borders with the two Palestinian territories: the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. [2] [3] The Green Line was intended as a demarcation line rather than a permanent border.
On 27 June 1967, Israel expanded the municipal boundaries of West Jerusalem so as to include approximately 70 km 2 (27.0 sq mi) of West Bank territory today referred to as East Jerusalem, which included Jordanian East Jerusalem ( 6 km 2 (2.3 sq mi) ) and 28 villages and areas of the Bethlehem and Beit Jala municipalities 64 km 2 (25 sq mi).
The peace process was revitalized in September 2010, with direct talks between Israel and Palestine, with the U.S. supporting the negotiations. With little headway made, the Palestinian National Authority decided to present a draft resolution to the Security Council, resisting strong pressure from both United States President Barack Obama and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.
[1] [2] In April 2009, Obama gave a speech in Ankara, Turkey, which was well received by many Arab governments. [3] On June 4, 2009, Obama delivered a speech at Cairo University in Egypt calling for "A New Beginning" in relations between the Islamic world and the United States and promoting Middle East peace. [4]
Benjamin Netanyahu, Mahmoud Abbas, George J. Mitchell and Hillary Clinton at the start of direct talks on September 2, 2010.. Direct negotiations between Israel and the Palestinian National Authority took place throughout 2010 as part of the peace process, between United States President Barack Obama, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, and Palestinian Authority Chairman Mahmoud Abbas.
On May 19, 2011, Obama made a foreign policy speech in which he called for a return to the pre-1967 Israeli borders with mutually agreed land swaps, to which Netanyahu objected. [99] The Republicans criticized Obama for the speech. [100] [101] The speech came a day before Obama and Netanyahu were scheduled to meet. [102]
The application of this doctrine to the borders of Israel upon its founding was prevented by the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. Israel has been criticized for using the term "disputed territories" abroad for public relations purposes, but using the term "belligerent occupation" to justify military control of the territories in the Israeli Supreme Court.