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This wireless communication may be accomplished through optical communication or through radio-frequency (RF) communication. For many applications, the medium of choice is RF since it does not require line of sight. RF communications incorporate a transmitter and a receiver. They are of various types and ranges. Some can transmit up to 500 feet.
A radio transmitter design has to meet certain requirements. These include the frequency of operation, the type of modulation, the stability and purity of the resulting signal, the efficiency of power use, and the power level required to meet the system design objectives. [1]
Radio-frequency (RF) engineering is a subset of electrical engineering involving the application of transmission line, waveguide, antenna, radar, and electromagnetic field principles to the design and application of devices that produce or use signals within the radio band, the frequency range of about 20 kHz up to 300 GHz. [1] [2] [3]
For a broadcasting installation, a typical carrier current transmitter has an output in the range 5 to 30 watts. However, electrical wiring is a very inefficient antenna, and this results in a transmitted effective radiated power of less than one watt, and the distance over which signals can be picked up is usually less than 60 meters (200 feet ...
A rooftop 1 watt Wi-Fi amp, feeding a simple vertical antenna on the left. Another way of adding range uses a power amplifier. Commonly known as "range extender amplifiers" these small devices usually supply around 1 ⁄ 2 watt of power to the antenna. Such amplifiers may give more than five times the range to an existing network.
An RF chain is a cascade of electronic components and sub-units which may include amplifiers, filters, mixers, attenuators and detectors. [1] It can take many forms, for example, as a wide-band receiver-detector for electronic warfare (EW) applications, as a tunable narrow-band receiver for communications purposes, as a repeater in signal distribution systems, or as an amplifier and up ...
A double DIN 1.6/5.6 bulkhead jack connector, crimp type, for 75 Ω coaxial cable A Type N connector (male), right-angled solder-type for semi-rigid coaxial cable with a diameter of 0.141-inch. 4.1-9.5 connector, standardized as DIN 47231 (in 1974) and IEC 60169-11 (in 1977) 4.3-10 connector, formerly known as DIN 4.3/10, now standardized as ...
The up- and down-state capacitance are in the order of 50 fF and 1.2 pF, which are functional values for millimeter-wave circuit design. Switches typically have a capacitance ratio of 30 or higher, while switched capacitors and varactors have a capacitance ratio of about 1.2 to 10. The loaded Q factor is between 20 and 50 in the X-, Ku- and Ka ...