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Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), also called NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) or historically aspirin-induced asthma and Samter's Triad, is a long-term disease defined by three simultaneous symptoms: asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and intolerance of aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
[9] [10] NSAIDs-induced urticarial disease (NEUD) is the acute development of wheals and/or angioedema in individuals with no history of chronic NSAIDs-induced urticaria or related diseases. The mechanism behind NEUD is unknown but may be due to the non-allergic action of NSAIDs in promoting the production and/or release of allergy mediators. [11]
The diagnosis of Stevens–Johnson syndrome is based on involvement of less than 10% of the skin. [2] It is known as TEN when more than 30% of the skin is involved and considered an intermediate form when 10–30% is involved. [3] SJS/TEN reactions are believed to follow a type IV hypersensitivity mechanism. [7]
Pseudoallergy, sometimes known as nonallergic hypersensitivity, is a type of hypersensitivity reaction mostly described in the context of drug allergy. The mechanism is somewhat similar to the type 1 hypersensitivity in the Gell and Coombs classification in that the effector cell is also mast cell .
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Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is generally not considered an NSAID because it has only minor anti-inflammatory activity. Paracetamol treats pain mainly by blocking COX-2 and inhibiting endocannabinoid reuptake almost exclusively within the brain, and only minimally in the rest of the body.
In other words, in a person that is intolerant to a medication, it is possible for a dose of 10 mg to "feel" like a dose of 100 mg, resulting in an overdose—a "normal" dose can be a "toxic" dose in these individuals, leading to clinically significant effects. There is also an aspect of drug intolerance that is subjective.
10 million have allergic asthma (about 3% of the population). The prevalence of asthma increased 75% from 1980 to 1994. Asthma prevalence is 39% higher in African Americans than in Europeans. [148] 5.7 million (about 9.4%).