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The Soviet crewed lunar programs were a series of programs pursued by the Soviet Union to land humans on the Moon, in competition with the United States Apollo program.The Soviet government publicly denied participating in such a competition, but secretly pursued two programs in the 1960s: crewed lunar flyby missions using Soyuz 7K-L1 (Zond) spacecraft launched with the Proton-K rocket, and a ...
During the Cold War, the Soviet Union took the lead in the Space Race with the launch of Sputnik 1 on 4 October 1957. Sputnik was the first artificial satellite in orbit around the Earth, and the surprise of its successful launch, compounded by the resounding failure of Project Vanguard to launch an American satellite after two attempts, had been dubbed the "Sputnik crisis" by the media and ...
On 20 July 1969 Apollo 11 landed on the Moon, and Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the Moon. At the same time another mission, the robotic sample return mission Luna 15 by the Soviet Union, was in orbit around the Moon, becoming together with Apollo 11 the first ever case of two extraterrestrial missions being conducted at the ...
The Ranger program, started in 1959 by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, aimed to conduct hard impacts on the moon and had its first success in 1962, after 3 failures due to launch aborts (Ranger 1 and Ranger 2) and a failure to reach the moon , when the 730-pound (330 kg) Ranger 4 became the first US spacecraft to reach the Moon, but its solar ...
First soft landing on another celestial body (the Moon) First photos from another celestial body Luna 9: 1966 March 1 USSR First hard landing on another planet (Venus) Venera 3: 1966 March 16 USA First spacecraft docking: Gemini 8 / ATV: 1966 April 3 USSR First artificial satellite to orbit another celestial body (the Moon) Luna 10: 1966 ...
Russia launched Luna 25, its first lunar lander in 47 years, to explore resources at the moon’s south pole.
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The launch from Russia’s Vostochny spaceport in the Far East of the Luna-25 craft to the moon is Russia’s first since 1976 when it was part of the Soviet Union. The Russian lunar lander is ...