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The IMF mandated stabilization plan which accompanied the agreement included numerous macroeconomic interventions, including a shift away from the Philippines’ historical economic strategy of import substitution industrialization and towards export-oriented industrialization; and the allowing the Philippine Peso to float and devalue. [1]
The economic history of the Philippines is shaped by its colonial past, evolving governance, and integration into the global economy. Prior to Spanish colonization in the 16th century, the islands had a flourishing economy centered around agriculture, fisheries, and trade with neighboring countries like China, Japan, and Southeast Asia.
The country had weathered the first global oil crisis, in 1973, but by 1979 the commodities boom which had propped up its economy in the early 1970s had died down, leaving the Philippines much more vulnerable [1] - so much so that in the third quarter of 1981, the Philippine economy followed the course of the US economy when it went into recession.
The Philippines has remained generally unsusceptible to global economic shocks. [10] This is because of less exposure to problematic international securities, lower export dependence, stable domestic consumption, large remittances from overseas Filipinos, and a quickly growing service industry. [ 11 ]
The economy of the Philippines is an emerging market, and considered as a newly industrialized country in the Asia-Pacific region. [31] In 2025, the Philippine economy is estimated to be at ₱28.05 trillion ($508.79 billion), making it the world's 32nd largest by nominal GDP and 13th largest in Asia according to the International Monetary Fund.
By the end of that year, the economy contracted by 6.8%. [25] The economic and political instability combined to produce the worst recession in Philippine history in 1984 and 1985, [26] [27] with the economy contracting by 7.3% for two successive years. [24] [23] [28]
The Philippines 2000 platform was widely successful, making it one of the greatest legacies of the Ramos administration to the Philippines. Ramos was successfully able to open the then-closed Philippine economy and break Marcos-era formed monopolies, especially with regard to Philippine Airlines and the Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company, which were privatized and de-monopolized during ...
The Philippines consumes an average of 17,000 metric tons of onion per month. [7] In August 2022, the country was predicted to experience a shortage of onion and garlic. [8] The price of red onion in 2021 ranged between ₱90 and ₱120. [6]