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A septic drain field, a septic tank, and associated piping compose a septic system. The drain field typically consists of an arrangement of trenches containing perforated pipes and porous material (often gravel) covered by a layer of soil to prevent animals (and surface runoff) from reaching the wastewater distributed within those trenches. [1]
Schematic of a septic tank [2] Septic tank and septic drain field. A septic tank consists of one or more concrete or plastic tanks of between 4,500 and 7,500 litres (1,000 and 2,000 gallons); one end is connected to an inlet wastewater pipe and the other to a septic drain field. Generally these pipe connections are made with a T pipe, allowing ...
Effluent sewer systems, also called septic tank effluent gravity (STEG), solids-free sewer (SFS), or septic tank effluent drainage (STED) systems, have septic tanks that collect sewage from residences and businesses, and the liquid fraction of sewage that comes out of the tank is conveyed to a downstream receiving body such as either a ...
Imhoff tank. a - upper chamber, b-c - outlet for sludge, d - outlet for biogas (would need to be higher), f - lower chamber, g - slot for sludge to pass from the upper to the lower chamber, h - height.
A percolation test (colloquially called a perc test) is a test to determine the water absorption rate of soil (that is, its capacity for percolation) in preparation for the building of a septic drain field (leach field) or infiltration basin. [1] The results of a percolation test are required to design a septic system properly.
Onsite sewage facilities (OSSF), also called septic systems, are wastewater systems designed to treat and dispose of effluent on the same property that produces the wastewater, in areas not served by public sewage infrastructure. A septic tank and drainfield combination is a fairly common type of on-site sewage facility in the Western world.
A septic tank is part of a small-scale sewage treatment system often referred to as a septic system. Septic systems are commonly used to treat wastewater from homes and small businesses in rural and suburban areas. [9] It consists of the tank and a septic drain field. Waste water enters the tank where solids can settle and scum floats.
In the U.S., every plumbing fixture must also be coupled to the system's vent piping. [1] Without a vent, negative pressure from water leaving the system can slow flow (resulting in clogs) or cause a siphon to empty a trap. The high point of the vent system (the top of its "soil stack") must be open to the exterior at atmospheric pressure.