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Likewise, it is also prone to oxidation: while freshly purified aniline is an almost colorless oil, exposure to air results in gradual darkening to yellow or red, due to the formation of strongly colored, oxidized impurities. Aniline can be diazotized to give a diazonium salt, which can then undergo various nucleophilic substitution reactions.
The Boyland–Sims oxidation is the chemical reaction of anilines with alkaline potassium persulfate, which after hydrolysis forms ortho-hydroxyl anilines. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The reaction is generally performed in water at room temperatures or below, using equimolar quantities of reagents.
Aniline absorbs in the K (220 - 250 nm) and the B (250 - 290 nm) bands exhibited by benzenoid compounds. The K and B bands arise from π to π* transitions as a result of the a group containing multiple bond being attached to the benzene ring. When dissolved in ethanol, λ max for aniline is 230 nm, but in dilute aqueous acid λ max is 203 nm ...
Studies have demonstrated that the glucose-alanine cycle may play a direct role in regulation of hepatic (liver) mitochondrial oxidation, particularly during periods of extended fasting. [9] Hepatic mitochondrial oxidation is a key process in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids, involving the Citric Acid Cycle and oxidative ...
Nitrosation of aniline. N-Nitrosamines arise from the reaction of nitrite sources with amino compounds. Typically, this reaction occurs when the nucleophilic nitrogen of a secondary amine attacks the nitrogen of the electrophilic nitrosonium ion: [14] NO 2 − + 2 H + → NO + + H 2 O R 2 NH + NO + → R 2 N-NO + H +
The compound is a derivative of aniline, consisting of an amine bound to two phenyl groups. The compound is a colorless solid, but commercial samples are often yellow due to oxidized impurities. [5] Diphenylamine dissolves well in many common organic solvents, and is moderately soluble in water. [6] It is used mainly for its antioxidant properties
The oxidation states are also maintained in articles of the elements (of course), and systematically in the table {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state}}
Unlike catabolic oxidation of drugs, or oxidative damage to DNA or proteins (which occurs stoichiometrically), oxidation of PUFAs is particularly pernicious, proceeding through a non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation chain reaction (LPO), whereby a single ROS species can initiate a runaway autoxidation process that does not need any additional ROS ...