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The Pythagorean theorem has at least 370 known proofs. [1]In mathematics and formal logic, a theorem is a statement that has been proven, or can be proven. [a] [2] [3] The proof of a theorem is a logical argument that uses the inference rules of a deductive system to establish that the theorem is a logical consequence of the axioms and previously proved theorems.
Cameron–Erdős theorem (discrete mathematics) Cameron–Martin theorem (measure theory) Cantor–Bernstein–Schroeder theorem (set theory, cardinal numbers) Cantor's intersection theorem (real analysis) Cantor's isomorphism theorem (order theory) Cantor's theorem (set theory, Cantor's diagonal argument)
In mathematics, the Pythagorean theorem or Pythagoras' theorem is a fundamental relation in Euclidean geometry between the three sides of a right triangle.It states that the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares on the other two sides.
In mathematics, a fundamental theorem is a theorem which is considered to be central and conceptually important for some topic. For example, the fundamental theorem of calculus gives the relationship between differential calculus and integral calculus . [ 1 ]
Theorem (semifinite part) [9] — For any measure on , there exists, among semifinite measures on that are less than or equal to , a greatest element . We say the semifinite part of μ {\displaystyle \mu } to mean the semifinite measure μ sf {\displaystyle \mu _{\text{sf}}} defined in the above theorem.
By definition, every axiom is automatically a theorem. A first-order theory is a set of first-order sentences (theorems) recursively obtained by the inference rules of the system applied to the set of axioms.
The definition of a formal proof is intended to capture the concept of proofs as written in the practice of mathematics. The soundness of this definition amounts to the belief that a published proof can, in principle, be converted into a formal proof. However, outside the field of automated proof assistants, this is rarely done in practice.
Around 300 BC, Euclid organized mathematical knowledge by way of postulates and first principles, which evolved into the axiomatic method that is used in mathematics today, consisting of definition, axiom, theorem, and proof. [78] His book, Elements, is widely considered the most successful and influential textbook of all time. [79]