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Macclesfield Museums is a collection of four museums focusing on Macclesfield and the Silk Industry. The museums are owned by Cheshire East, the local council, and are managed on their behalf by the Macclesfield Silk Heritage Trust. [1] [2] The museums are called The Silk Museum, Paradise Mill, West Park Museum, and The Old Sunday School.
Lombe's Mill in Derby was the first successful powered silk-throwing mill in England. John Lombe visited a successful silk-throwing mill in Piedmont in 1717, and returned to England with details of the Italian silk-throwing machines – the filatoio and torcitoio and with some Italian craftsman-built replicas. [3]
Congleton had England's third oldest silk-throwing mill and spun both cotton and silk. Its prosperity depended on tariffs imposed on imported silk. When the tariffs were removed in the 1860s, the empty mills moved over to fustian cutting. A limited silk ribbon weaving industry survived into the 20th century, and woven labels were still being ...
Macclesfield's first silk mill was founded by Charles Roe in 1743 or 1744. [14] [37] The mills were initially powered by water, and later by steam. [14] There were 71 silk mills operating in 1832, [citation needed] employing 10,000 people, but a crash occurred in 1851 and many mill-workers emigrated to the American silk town of Paterson, New ...
John Birchenough JP (1 November 1825 – 7 May 1895) was an English silk manufacturer and local politician in Macclesfield, Cheshire in the nineteenth century. [1] He was the head of the Macclesfield silk manufacturing firm Birchenough and Sons with mills at Park Lane, Prestbury Road and Henderson Street in Macclesfield.
He then entered the button and twist trade and became a freeman of Macclesfield in 1742. In 1743–44 he built a small spinning mill on Park Green and in 1748, in partnership with Glover & Co., a larger mill for the production of silk on Waters Green: both were based on Lombe's Mill in Derby. Roe was mayor of Macclesfield in 1747–48. [1]
After Lombe's death in 1739, Lombe's Mill was sold to Samuel Lloyd and William Wilson. It continued to spin silk until 1890, when it partly collapsed. [4] In the 1740s, Charles Roe built mills based on Lombe's in Macclesfield. [5] A description of Lombe's machinery appeared in Rees's Cyclopædia. [1]
It included a silk mill, a dye-house, a warehouse, workshops, and housing for the manager and some of the workers. The buildings are constructed in brick with roofs mainly in Welsh slate. Both the original mill and the 1904 extension are in two storeys with fronts of seven bays. [27] [75] II: 110 Buxton Road