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Like most Araneus species, A. gemma is harmless to humans. It contains a venomous toxin of low molecular weight called argiotoxin, [1] that antagonizes the actions of the neurotransmitter glutamate. [2] Dopamine was also identified in the venom of A. gemma in a concentration of 4.3 nM. [3] The web silk of the A. gemma ranges from 1 to 4 μm in ...
Araneus gemmoides, commonly known as the jewel spider (a name shared with Austracantha minax) and cat-faced spider (a name shared with Araneus gemma), is a common, outdoor, orb-weaver spider found in Canada and the USA. [1] It is considered harmless and has a low-toxicity venom. [2] A. gemmoides is a useful natural predator for insects. [1] [3] [4]
Acacesia Simon, 1895. Acacesia benigna Glueck, 1994 — Peru, Bolivia, Brazil; Acacesia graciosa Lise & Braul, 1996 — Brazil; Acacesia hamata (Hentz, 1847) (type species) — USA to Argentina
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Argiotoxins represent a class of polyamine toxins isolated from the orb-weaver spider (Araneus gemma [1] and Argiope lobata). [2] The orb-weaver spiders, also known as araneids; belong to the Araneidae spider family. This type of spider is found in almost every area of the world. Chemical structure of argiopine (argiotoxin 636)
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Araneus is a genus of common orb-weaving spiders. It includes about 650 species , among which are the European garden spider and the barn spider . The genus was erected by Carl Alexander Clerck in 1757.