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Heat generated by living organisms may also be measured by direct calorimetry, in which the entire organism is placed inside the calorimeter for the measurement. A widely used modern instrument is the differential scanning calorimeter , a device which allows thermal data to be obtained on small amounts of material.
A calorimeter is a device used for calorimetry, or the process of measuring the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes as well as heat capacity. Differential scanning calorimeters, isothermal micro calorimeters, titration calorimeters and accelerated rate calorimeters are among the most common types.
The molar heat capacity is the heat capacity per unit amount (SI unit: mole) of a pure substance, and the specific heat capacity, often called simply specific heat, is the heat capacity per unit mass of a material. Heat capacity is a physical property of a substance, which means that it depends on the state and properties of the substance under ...
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a thermoanalytical technique in which the difference in the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of a sample and reference is measured as a function of temperature. [1] Both the sample and reference are maintained at nearly the same temperature throughout the experiment.
The heat liberated or absorbed by the process is determined from the difference between the initial electrical power and the electrical power required at the time of measurement. While power compensation calorimetry requires less preparation than heat flow calorimetry, it faces similar limitations.
The world's first ice-calorimeter, used in the winter of 1782–83, by Antoine Lavoisier and Pierre-Simon Laplace, to determine the heat involved in various chemical changes; calculations which were based on Joseph Black’s prior discovery of latent heat.
The term "calorie" comes from Latin calor 'heat'. [12] It was first introduced by Nicolas Clément, as a unit of heat energy, in lectures on experimental calorimetry during the years 1819–1824. This was the "large" calorie.
A calorimeter constant (denoted C cal) is a constant that quantifies the heat capacity of a calorimeter. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It may be calculated by applying a known amount of heat to the calorimeter and measuring the calorimeter's corresponding change in temperature .