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Freshwater fish ponds were likely first used sometime in the early 20th century, although there is history of small-scale rice-fish system use. Despite many species being introduced for farming, production remained limited due to competition with cropland and a cultural preference for marine fish. Oyster farming began in 1931. [11]
The Philippines lies within the Coral Triangle, and one area, the Verde Island Passage, has the world's highest recorded diversity of marine species. [5]: 8 Reef fish provide between 15 and 30% of municipal fisheries catch, [6]: 65 with some islands relying on reefs for as much as 70% of their catch.
Aquaculture in the Philippines (which includes fish, shellfish, and seaweed farming) comprises 39% of the country's fisheries sector. The rest of the fisheries sector is composed of commercial and municipal fishing. [60] Some of the more common aquaculture products in the Philippines are bangus, tilapia, catfish and mudfish, and prawns. [60]
Bamboo fish cages were first introduced in 1965 to Laguna de Bay to experiment with farming various fish species, although their use remained limited. [12] [33] In the 1970s, bamboo and net milkfish pens were established in the freshwater Laguna de Bay, [4] starting with a demonstration pen in Cardona, Rizal.
Fish farming or pisciculture involves commercial breeding of fish, most often for food, in fish tanks or artificial enclosures such as fish ponds. It is a particular type of aquaculture , which is the controlled cultivation and harvesting of aquatic animals such as fish, crustaceans , molluscs and so on, in natural or pseudo-natural environments.
The aquaculture or farming of piscivorous fish, like salmon, does not help the problem because they need to eat products from other fish, such as fish meal and fish oil. Studies have shown that salmon farming has major negative impacts on wild salmon, as well as the forage fish that need to be caught to feed them.
It has been called "the central problem of fish population dynamics" [14] and “the major problem in fisheries science". [15] Fish produce huge volumes of larvae, but the volumes are very variable and mortality is high. This makes good predictions difficult. [16] According to Daniel Pauly, [15] [17] the definitive study was made in 1999 by ...
Commercial fisheries in the Philippines are the fisheries located more than 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the coast, which are generally fished with boats larger than 3 gross tons. Commercial fishing occurs throughout the country, targeting both large and small pelagic species, especially tuna and sardines, as well as demersal species.