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  2. Three Hundred Ramayanas: Five Examples and Three Thoughts on ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Hundred_Ramayanas:...

    Three Hundred Rāmāyaṇas: Five Examples and Three Thoughts on Translation" is an essay written by Indian writer A. K. Ramanujan for a Conference on Comparison of Civilizations at the University of Pittsburgh, February 1987. The essay was a required reading on Delhi University's syllabus for history undergraduates from 2006–7 onward. On ...

  3. Ramayana - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramayana

    The Ramayana (/ r ɑː ˈ m ɑː j ə n ə /; [1] [2] Sanskrit: रामायणम्, romanized: Rāmāyaṇam [3]), also known as Valmiki Ramayana, as traditionally attributed to Valmiki, is a smriti text (also described as a Sanskrit epic) from ancient India, one of the two important epics of Hinduism known as the Itihasas, the other ...

  4. Versions of the Ramayana - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Versions_of_the_Ramayana

    Gujarat - The Tulsi-Krta Ramayana is a Gujarati adaptation of Tulsidas' Ramcharitamanas in the 17th century, by the poet Premanand Swami. The Giradhara Ramayana is also a prominent retelling of Ramayana in Gujarati by the 18th-century poet Giradhara Gosvami. Jammu and Kashmir – The Kashmiri Ramavatara Charita was written in the 19th century.

  5. Saptakanda Ramayana - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saptakanda_Ramayana

    Saptakanda Ramayana is the 14th-15th century Assamese version of the Ramayana attributed to the famous Assamese poet Madhava Kandali. [1] It is considered to be one of the earliest translations from the Sanskrit into a modern regional language, preceded only by Kambar's translation into Tamil and Ranganatha's translation into Telugu, and the first translation to an Indo-Aryan language.

  6. Symbolism of Rama - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolism_of_Rama

    Throughout the Ramayana, Rama consistently upholds the principles of dharma, fulfilling his duties as a son, a prince, a husband, and a ruler with unwavering integrity and adherence to ethical conduct. His commitment to truth and justice, even in the face of personal sacrifice and adversity, sets an example of moral rectitude. [2]

  7. Adhyatma Ramayana - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhyatma_Ramayana

    Adhyatma Ramayana represents the story of Rama in a spiritual context. The text constitutes over 35% of the chapters of Brahmanda Purana, often circulated as an independent text in the Vaishnavism tradition, [9] and is an Advaita Vedanta treatise of over 65 chapters and 4,500 verses.

  8. Ananda Ramayana - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ananda_Ramayana

    The Ananda Ramayana is a rich source of hymns for Rama and others, which include the following: The Yaga Kanda includes the Ramashatanamastotra (the 108 names of Rama); The Vilasa Kanda contains the Ramastotram, attributed to Shiva; The Janma Kanda contains the Ramaraksha Mahamantra (the “Great Mantra for Gaining Protection from Rama”);

  9. Araṇya-Kāṇḍa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araṇya-Kāṇḍa

    Araṇya-Kāṇḍa, or The Forest Episode, is the third book of the epic poem of Ramayana. It is also found in the Rāmcharitmānas. It follows the legend of Rama through his fourteen-year exile in the forest, joined by his wife and his brother. [1] Rama overcomes challenges and demons by upholding standards of behavior. [2]