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The Council of Jerusalem or Apostolic Council is a council described in chapter 15 of the Acts of the Apostles, held in Jerusalem c. 48–50 AD.. The council decided that Gentile converts to Christianity were not obligated to keep most of the rules prescribed to the Jews by the Mosaic Law, such as Jewish dietary laws and other specific rituals, including the rules concerning circumcision of males.
After the Council of Jerusalem, Paul wrote to the Galatians about the issue, which had become a serious controversy in their region. [5] [7] [9] [10] [12] There was a burgeoning movement of Judaizers in the area that advocated strict adherence to traditional Jewish laws and customs, including circumcision for male converts.
Pre-ecumenical councils, those earlier than AD 325, were mostly local or provincial. Some, held in the second half of the 3rd century, involved more than one province. The sui generis Council of Jerusalem was a meeting, described in the Bible in Acts 15 and possibly in Galatians 2, of the apostles and elders of the local Church in Jerusalem.
The Jerusalem apostles summoned a meeting of the missionaries to settle the dispute; on the way there, Barnabas and Paul became spokesmen for the Gentile Christian churches (Acts 15:1-3). [40] The so-called Apostles' Council (also known as the Apostles' Convention) was a decisive turning point in the history of early Christianity.
The early Christian community of Jerusalem was led by a Council of Elders, and considered itself part of the wider Jewish community. [citation needed] This collegiate system of government in Jerusalem is seen in Acts 11:30 and 15:22. Eusebius of Caesarea provides the names of an unbroken succession of thirty-six Bishops of Jerusalem up to the ...
The court could meet wherever necessary, not solely in Jerusalem. After around 1120 the court also included bishops, and according to tradition new crusaders were entitled to sit and vote; the first time this occurred was the Council of Acre on 24 June 1148 during the Second Crusade, when the fatal decision to attack Damascus was made.
Icon depicting the Emperor Constantine (centre), accompanied by the bishops of the First Council of Nicaea (325), holding the Niceno–Constantinopolitan Creed of 381. In the history of Christianity, the first seven ecumenical councils include the following: the First Council of Nicaea in 325, the First Council of Constantinople in 381, the Council of Ephesus in 431, the Council of Chalcedon ...
The Synod of Jerusalem in 1672 decreed the Greek Orthodox Canon which is similar to the one decided by the Council of Trent. They "call[ed] Sacred Scripture all those [books] which Cyril collected from the Synod of Laodicea , and enumerated, adding to Scripture those which he foolishly and ignorantly, or rather maliciously, called Apocrypha ...