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Food microbiology laboratory at the Faculty of Food Technology, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. The branches of microbiology can be classified into pure and applied sciences. [1] Microbiology can be also classified based on taxonomy, in the cases of bacteriology, mycology, protozoology, and phycology.
The field of bacteriology (later a subdiscipline of microbiology) was founded in the 19th century by Ferdinand Cohn, a botanist whose studies on algae and photosynthetic bacteria led him to describe several bacteria including Bacillus and Beggiatoa.
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The field also includes studies of intragenomic phenomena such as heterosis, epistasis, pleiotropy and other interactions between loci and alleles within the genome. [37] In contrast, the investigation of the roles and functions of single genes is a primary focus of molecular biology or genetics and is a common topic of modern medical and ...
M. Matground; Mating type; MicrobeLibrary; Microbes and Man; Microbial art; Microbial cyst; Microbial cytology; Microbial dark matter; Microbial food web; Microbial ...
Medical microbiology, the large subset of microbiology that is applied to medicine, is a branch of medical science concerned with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. In addition, this field of science studies various clinical applications of microbes for the improvement of health.
Koch is credited for introducing the science of microorganisms including bacteria to the medical field. [20] Koch, a pioneer in medical microbiology, worked on cholera, anthrax and tuberculosis. In his research into tuberculosis Koch finally proved the germ theory, for which he received a Nobel Prize in 1905. [5]
Entry-level microbiology jobs generally require at least a bachelor's degree in microbiology or a related field. [3] These degree programs frequently include courses in chemistry, physics, statistics, biochemistry, and genetics, followed by more specialized courses in sub-fields of interest. Many of these courses have laboratory components to ...