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The alpha-2 (α 2) adrenergic receptor (or adrenoceptor) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) associated with the G i heterotrimeric G-protein. It consists of three highly homologous subtypes, including α 2A-, α 2B-, and α 2C-adrenergic. Some species other than humans express a fourth α 2D-adrenergic receptor as well. [1]
The α 2 receptor couples to the G i/o protein. [20] It is a presynaptic receptor, causing negative feedback on, for example, norepinephrine (NE). When NE is released into the synapse, it feeds back on the α 2 receptor, causing less NE release from the presynaptic neuron. This decreases the effect of NE.
Canonically, a presynaptic neuron releases a neurotransmitter across a synaptic cleft to be detected by the receptors on a postsynaptic neuron. Autoreceptors on the presynaptic neuron will also detect this neurotransmitter and often function to control internal cell processes, typically inhibiting further release or synthesis of the ...
150 11551 Ensembl ENSG00000150594 ENSMUSG00000033717 UniProt P08913 Q01338 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000681 NM_007417 RefSeq (protein) NP_000672 NP_031443 Location (UCSC) Chr 10: 111.08 – 111.08 Mb Chr 19: 54.03 – 54.04 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse The alpha-2A adrenergic receptor (α 2A adrenoceptor), also known as ADRA2A, is an α 2 adrenergic receptor, and also ...
152 11553 Ensembl ENSG00000184160 ENSMUSG00000045318 UniProt P18825 Q01337 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000683 NM_007418 RefSeq (protein) NP_000674 NP_031444 Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 3.77 – 3.77 Mb Chr 5: 35.44 – 35.44 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse The alpha-2C adrenergic receptor (α 2C adrenoceptor), also known as ADRA2C, is an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor, and also denotes ...
As it pertains to LTP, retrograde signaling is a hypothesis describing how events underlying LTP may begin in the postsynaptic neuron but be propagated to the presynaptic neuron, even though normal communication across a chemical synapse occurs in a presynaptic to postsynaptic direction. It is used most commonly by those who argue that ...
A diagram of the proteins found in the active zone. The active zone is present in all chemical synapses examined so far and is present in all animal species. The active zones examined so far have at least two features in common, they all have protein dense material that project from the membrane and tethers synaptic vesicles close to the membrane and they have long filamentous projections ...
After entering the presynaptic terminal, the calcium binds a protein called synaptotagmin, which is located on the membrane of the synaptic vesicles. This protein interacts with other proteins called SNAREs in order to induce vesicle fusion with the presynaptic membrane. As a result of this vesicle fusion, the neurotransmitters that had been ...