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The Arctic convoys of World War II were oceangoing convoys which sailed from the United Kingdom, Iceland, and North America to northern ports in the Soviet Union – primarily Arkhangelsk (Archangel) and Murmansk in Russia. There were 78 convoys between August 1941 and May 1945, [1] sailing via several seas of the Atlantic and Arctic oceans ...
A convoy was defined as at least one merchant ship sailing under the protection of at least one warship. [11] At first the British had intended to run convoys to Russia on a forty-day cycle (the number of days between convoy departures) during the winter of 1941–1942 but this was shortened to a ten-day cycle.
early sailings every 5th merged OA/OB convoy became an OG convoy at sea - later OG convoys sailed from Liverpool ON: Liverpool to Halifax Harbour: 26 July 1941 27 May 1945 307 replaced OB convoys for North American destinations - alternate convoys included slower ships until the ONS convoys started ONS: Liverpool to Halifax Harbour: 15 March 1943
The convoy was heavily defended, but fearing an imminent attack by substantial German surface forces, the Admiralty made the decision to disperse the convoy. The convoy comprised 35 merchant ships and 6 naval auxiliaries (41 in all) and was defended by a close escort and two distant escort forces, 43 warships in total.
Pages in category "North Atlantic convoys of World War II" The following 99 pages are in this category, out of 99 total. This list may not reflect recent changes .
A motley of British, Allied and neutral shipping loaded with military stores and raw materials for the Soviet war effort would be assembled at Hvalfjörður in Iceland, convenient for ships from both sides of the Atlantic. [5] By late 1941, the convoy system used in the Atlantic had been established on the Arctic run; a convoy commodore ensured ...
Convoy PQ 17 was an Allied Arctic convoy during the Second World War. On 27 June 1942, the ships sailed from Hvalfjörður, Iceland, for the port of Arkhangelsk in the Soviet Union. The convoy was located by German forces on 1 July, shadowed and attacked.
A motley of British, Allied and neutral shipping loaded with military stores and raw materials for the Soviet war effort would be assembled at Hvalfjörður in Iceland, convenient for ships from both sides of the Atlantic. [18] By late 1941, the convoy system used in the Atlantic had been established on the Arctic run; a convoy commodore ...