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A complete radical, surgical, en bloc resection of the cancer, is the treatment of choice in osteosarcoma. [2] Although most patients are able to have limb-salvage surgery, complications—particularly infection, prosthetic loosening and non-union, or local tumor recurrence—may cause the need for further surgery or amputation. [25]
This is in contrast to most bone cancers that are secondary having developed as a metastasis from another cancer. Bone sarcomas are rare, and mostly affect the legs. The other type of sarcoma is a soft-tissue sarcoma. There are three main types of bone sarcoma based on tissue type – an osteosarcoma, a Ewing's sarcoma, and a chondrosarcoma. [1]
Mifamurtide is indicated for the treatment of high-grade, nonmetastasizing, resectable osteosarcoma following complete surgical removal in children, adolescents, and young adults, aged two to 30 years. [1] [2] [3] Osteosarcoma is diagnosed in about 1,000 individuals in Europe and the USA per year, most under the age of 30. [4]
Due to the high chance of metastasis, full body PET/CT is often performed to look for cancer spread. Confirming diagnosis of Ewing’s sarcoma requires biopsy and genetic testing. The current practice for treatment is first neoadjuvant radiation to shrink the cancer, resection, and follow up chemotherapy. [1] [5]
A sarcoma is a malignant tumor, a type of cancer that arises from cells of mesenchymal (connective tissue) origin. [1] [2] Connective tissue is a broad term that includes bone, cartilage, muscle, fat, vascular, or other structural tissues, and sarcomas can arise in any of these types of tissues.
Treatment options for soft-tissue sarcomas include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy. [3] Surgery is the most common treatment for soft-tissue sarcomas, and usually the only way to achieve a cure. The tumor is removed leaving a safe margin of surrounding healthy tissue to decrease the chances of its recurrence.
It is injected into a vein and distributed throughout the body, where it is preferentially absorbed in areas where cancer has invaded the bone. The radioisotope 153 Sm, with a half-life of 46.3 hours, decays by emitting beta particles ( electrons ), which kill the nearby cells.
Treatment options for these tumors include chemotherapy, and bone marrow transplants. Osteosarcoma are tumors that mainly affect the joints, bones and lungs. Osteosarcoma can lead to swelling, loss in dexterity, coughing, and breathing difficulties. Diagnosis is done by radiographs usually followed by a biopsy.
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