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Slow-wave sleep (SWS), often referred to as deep sleep, is the third stage of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM), where electroencephalography activity is characterised by slow delta waves. [ 2 ] Slow-wave sleep usually lasts between 70 and 90 minutes, taking place during the first hours of the night. [ 3 ]
Polysomnogram demonstrating slow-wave sleep. High amplitude EEG is highlighted in red. Slow-wave sleep (SWS), also known as Stage 3, is characterized by a lack of movement and difficulty of arousal. Slow-wave sleep occurring in both hemispheres is referred to as bihemispheric slow-wave sleep (BSWS) and is common among most animals.
And slow-wave sleep, or stage 3 of non-REM sleep, is especially vital for restorative rest. Most people get around 1.5 to two hours of slow-wave sleep if they get eight hours of shut-eye.
In motor skill learning, an interval of sleep may be critical for the expression of performance gains; without sleep these gains will be delayed. [8] Procedural memories are a form of nondeclarative memory, so they would most benefit from the fast-wave REM sleep. [7] In a study, [9] procedural memories have been shown to benefit from sleep. [10]
2020-01-23: 2 (n.a.): 0 (n.a.): ⋮: 2 (=): 0 (n.a.): 2020-01-28: 2 (=): 0 (n.a.): ⋮: 2 (=): 0 (n.a.): 2020-01-31: 5 (+3): 0 (n.a.): 2020-02-01: 6 (+1): 0 (n.a ...
The optimal nap duration is around 10–20 minutes, as researchers have proven that it takes at least 30 minutes to enter slow-wave sleep, the deepest period of sleep. [44] Napping too long and entering the slow wave cycles can make it difficult to awake from the nap and leave one feeling unrested. This period of drowsiness is called sleep inertia.
Infection rates dropped and stabilised throughout 2022 and 2023, leading to the end of COVID-19's classification as a severe transmissible disease in June 2023. [ 22 ] Although the pandemic has heavily disrupted the country's economy , [ 23 ] Vietnam's GDP growth rate has remained one of the highest in Asia-Pacific , at 2.91% in 2020.
The sleep cycle is an oscillation between the slow-wave and REM (paradoxical) phases of sleep. It is sometimes called the ultradian sleep cycle , sleep–dream cycle , or REM-NREM cycle , to distinguish it from the circadian alternation between sleep and wakefulness .