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Argon is preferred to less expensive nitrogen in cases where nitrogen may react with the reagents or apparatus. Argon may be used as the carrier gas in gas chromatography and in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry ; it is the gas of choice for the plasma used in ICP spectroscopy .
Buckingham proposed this as a simplification of the Lennard-Jones potential, in a theoretical study of the equation of state for gaseous helium, neon and argon. [1] As explained in Buckingham's original paper and, e.g., in section 2.2.5 of Jensen's text, [2] the repulsion is due to the interpenetration of the closed electron shells.
Argon compounds, the chemical compounds that contain the element argon, are rarely encountered due to the inertness of the argon atom. However, compounds of argon have been detected in inert gas matrix isolation, cold gases, and plasmas, and molecular ions containing argon have been made and also detected in space.
The only possible motion of an atom in a monatomic gas is translation (electronic excitation is not important at room temperature). Thus by the equipartition theorem , the kinetic energy of a single atom of a monatomic gas at thermodynamic temperature T is given by 3 2 k B T {\displaystyle {\frac {3}{2}}k_{\text{B}}T} , where k B is the ...
The noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon) were previously known as 'inert gases' because of their perceived lack of participation in any chemical reactions. The reason for this is that their outermost electron shells (valence shells) are completely filled, so that they have little tendency to gain or lose electrons.
For instance, argon, krypton, and xenon form clathrates with hydroquinone, but helium and neon do not because they are too small or insufficiently polarizable to be retained. [61] Neon, argon, krypton, and xenon also form clathrate hydrates, where the noble gas is trapped in ice. [62] An endohedral fullerene compound containing a noble gas atom
Diargon or the argon dimer is a molecule containing two argon atoms. Normally, this is only very weakly bound together by van der Waals forces (a van der Waals molecule ). However, in an excited state , or ionised state , the two atoms can be more tightly bound together, with significant spectral features.
Additionally, krypton is a lighter ion, so the unit mass per ionization energy is further reduced compared to xenon. However, xenon can be more than ten times as expensive as krypton per kilogram , making krypton a more economical choice for building out satellite constellations like that of SpaceX 's Starlink V1, whose original Hall thrusters ...