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The proportionality factor is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid, often simply referred to as the viscosity. It is denoted by the Greek letter mu ( μ ). The dynamic viscosity has the dimensions ( m a s s / l e n g t h ) / t i m e {\displaystyle \mathrm {(mass/length)/time} } , therefore resulting in the SI units and the derived units :
Consequently, if a liquid has dynamic viscosity of n centiPoise, and its density is not too different from that of water, then its kinematic viscosity is around n centiStokes. For gas, the dynamic viscosity is usually in the range of 10 to 20 microPascal-seconds, or 0.01 to 0.02 centiPoise. The density is usually on the order of 0.5 to 5 kg/m^3.
The poise (symbol P; / p ɔɪ z, p w ɑː z /) is the unit of dynamic viscosity (absolute viscosity) in the centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS). [1] It is named after Jean Léonard Marie Poiseuille (see Hagen–Poiseuille equation). The centipoise (1 cP = 0.01 P) is more commonly used than the poise itself.
The poiseuille (symbol Pl) has been proposed as a derived SI unit of dynamic viscosity, [1] named after the French physicist Jean Léonard Marie Poiseuille (1797–1869).. In practice the unit has never been widely accepted and most international standards bodies do not include the poiseuille in their list of units.
μ (some authors use the symbol η) is the dynamic viscosity (Pascal-seconds, kg m −1 s −1); R is the radius of the spherical object (meters); is the flow velocity relative to the object (meters per second). Note the minus sign in the equation, the drag force points in the opposite direction to the relative velocity: drag opposes the motion.
Common symbols are , ′,, or . It has dimensions (mass / (length × time)), and the corresponding SI unit is the pascal -second (Pa·s). Like other material properties (e.g. density , shear viscosity , and thermal conductivity ) the value of volume viscosity is specific to each fluid and depends additionally on the fluid state, particularly ...
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Relative viscosity (a synonym of "viscosity ratio") is the ratio of the viscosity of a solution to the viscosity of the solvent used (), =. The significance in Relative viscosity is that it can be analyzed the effect a polymer can have on a solution's viscosity such as increasing the solutions viscosity.