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Created in 1870 by the U.S. government, the reservation was named after Fort Berthold, a United States Army fort located on the northern bank of the Missouri River some twenty miles downstream (southeast) from the mouth of the Little Missouri River. [8] The green area (529) on the map turned U.S. territory on April 12, 1870, by executive order.
Fort Atkinson was an independent fur trade post built in 1858 by Charles Larpenteur on the Missouri River, south of what is now White Shield, North Dakota (within the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation). [3] The American Fur Company had purchased this fort after theirs was burned in 1862. They renamed it as Fort Berthold.
After the signing of the Fort Laramie Treaty (1851) and subsequent taking of land, the Nation's land base is currently approximately 1 million acres located in Fort Berthold Reservation in northwestern North Dakota. The Tribe reported a total enrollment of 16,986 enrolled members of the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nation as of April 2022. [1]
Elbowoods was located in McLean County, North Dakota, and was the agency seat for the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation for the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation. It was located on the floodplains near the Missouri River, at an elevation of 1,740 feet (530 m). [1] North Dakota Route 8 ran through the town. [2]
The college was founded May 2, 1973, as the agency responsible for higher education on the Fort Berthold Reservation.The Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation in New Town, North Dakota endorsed the concept that a locally based higher education institution was needed to train Tribal members and to help retain the tribal cultures.
Map of states with US federally recognized tribes marked in yellow. States with no federally recognized tribes are marked in gray. Federally recognized tribes are those Native American tribes recognized by the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs as holding a government-to-government relationship with the US federal government. [1]
Traders store Ft. Berthold. (Native and Euro-Americans at the trading post at Fort Berthold Agency.), by Haynes, F. Jay (Frank Jay), 1853–1921. Henry A. Boller reported that the most common purchases were coffee, sugar, tea, candy and dried fruit. A central plaza in the village was an innovation for the Hidatsa, but a tradition among the Mandan.
However, extra land straight north of the Missouri made up for some of the loss. Combined area 712 and 713 show the total expense of the Fort Berthold Reservation in 1880. [3]: map facing p. 112 Area 712 was ceded to the United States on December 14, 1886, by agreement (ratified on March 3, 1891).