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In medicine, the pulse is the rhythmic throbbing of each artery in response to the cardiac cycle (heartbeat). [1] The pulse may be palpated in any place that allows an artery to be compressed near the surface of the body, such as at the neck (carotid artery), wrist (radial artery or ulnar artery), at the groin (femoral artery), behind the knee (popliteal artery), near the ankle joint ...
This short sharp change in pressure is rapidly attenuated down the arterial tree. The pulse wave form is also reflected from branches in the arterial tree and gives rise to a dicrotic notch in main arteries. The summation of the reflected pulse wave and the systolic wave may increase pulse pressure and help tissue perfusion.
Pulsus bisferiens, also known as biphasic pulse, is an aortic waveform with two peaks per cardiac cycle, a small one followed by a strong and broad one. [1] It is a sign of problems with the aorta , including aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation , as well as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy causing subaortic stenosis.
A Wiggers diagram modified from [1]. A Wiggers diagram, named after its developer, Carl Wiggers, is a unique diagram that has been used in teaching cardiac physiology for more than a century.
Pulsus alternans is a physical finding with arterial pulse waveform showing alternating strong and weak beats. [1] It is almost always indicative of left ventricular systolic impairment , and carries a poor prognosis.
The pulse may vary due to exercise, fitness level, disease, emotions, and medications. [11] The pulse also varies with age. A newborn can have a heart rate of 100–160 bpm, an infant (0–5 months old) a heart rate of 90–150 bpm, and a toddler (6–12 months old) a heart rate of 80–140 bpm. [12]
Pulse oximeters came along in the 1980s as an easy and painless alternative. The device shines a light through the fingertip, seeking out oxygen-rich blood. The more light that’s absorbed, the ...
Bigeminy is a cardiac arrhythmia in which there is a single ectopic beat, or irregular heartbeat, following each regular heartbeat.Most often this is due to ectopic beats occurring so frequently that there is one after each sinus beat, or normal heartbeat.