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2. Cancer immunotherapy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_immunotherapy

   Combinatorial ablation and immunotherapy enhances the immunostimulating response and has synergistic effects for metastatic cancer treatment. [ 173 ] Combining checkpoint immunotherapies with pharmaceutical agents has the potential to improve response, and as of 2018 were a target of clinical investigation. [ 174 ]

3. Nivolumab - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivolumab

   Nivolumab, sold under the brand name Opdivo, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. [2] This includes melanoma, lung cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, head and neck cancer, urothelial carcinoma, colon cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, liver cancer, gastric cancer, and esophageal or gastroesophageal ...

4. Ipilimumab - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipilimumab

   Side effects included rashes, diarrhea, and hepatitis. In 2010, a study was presented that showed a median survival of ten months in advanced melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab, compared with 6.4 months for those treated with gp100 , an experimental vaccine (n=676), and 10.1 months for those treated with both the vaccine and ipilimumab ...

5. PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PD-1_and_PD-L1_inhibitors

   Positive immunostaining can predict response to the treatment. PD-1 inhibitors and PD-L1 inhibitors are a group of checkpoint inhibitor anticancer drugs that block the activity of PD-1 and PDL1 immune checkpoint proteins present on the surface of cells. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are emerging as a front-line treatment for several types of ...

6. Pembrolizumab - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembrolizumab

   Micrograph showing a PD-L1 positive non-small cell lung carcinoma. PD-L1 immunostain. As of 2019, pembrolizumab is used via intravenous infusion to treat inoperable or metastatic melanoma, metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in certain situations, as a first-line treatment for metastatic bladder cancer in patients who cannot receive cisplatin-based chemotherapy and have high levels ...

7. Immunotherapy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunotherapy

   Immunotherapy or biological therapy is the treatment of disease by activating or suppressing the immune system. Immunotherapies designed to elicit or amplify an immune response are classified as activation immunotherapies, while immunotherapies that reduce or suppress are classified as suppression immunotherapies .