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Causes defects of genes on chromosome 3 and 18. Seckel syndrome , or microcephalic primordial dwarfism (also known as bird-headed dwarfism , Harper's syndrome , Virchow–Seckel dwarfism and bird-headed dwarf of Seckel [ 1 ] ) is an extremely rare congenital nanosomic disorder.
Dwarfism is a condition of people and animals marked by unusually small size or short stature. [1] In humans, it is sometimes defined as an adult height of less than 147 centimetres (4 ft 10 in), regardless of sex; the average adult height among people with dwarfism is 120 centimetres (4 ft).
Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance whose primary feature is dwarfism. [3] It is the most common cause of dwarfism [4] and affects about 1 in 27,500 people. [3] In those with the condition, the arms and legs are short, while the torso is typically of normal length. [3]
This type of dwarfism is characterized by a normal spinal column length relative to the femur bone. Adult height ranges from 0.9 meters (35 inches) to just over 1.4 meters (55 inches). Curvature of the spine (such as kyphoscoliosis and lordosis) progresses during childhood and can
It is thought that chondrodystrophy [2] is caused by an autosomal, recessive allele.To avoid a potential "lethal dose", both parents can be genetically tested.If a child is conceived with another carrier the outcome may be lethal, or the child may suffer from chondrodystrophy or dwarfism. [3]
Achondroplasia in children is the most common form of dwarfism; it accounts for about 70% of all cases of dwarfism. [1] Achondroplasia falls into the category of “disproportionate dwarfism”. It is linked to a mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor-3.
Shortened stature can result from growth hormone deficiency, starvation, portal systemic shunts, renal disease, hypothyroidism diabetes mellitus and other conditions. Any of these conditions can be established in a population through genetic engineering, selective breeding, or insular dwarfism, or some combination of the above.
Maroteaux type causes severe dwarfism with a height below 120 cm. [6] This type also causes shortening of the middle and distal segments of the limbs. [6] Grebe dysplasia causes extreme abnormalities of the limb joints and limbs. [7] In this type of AMD, the hands and feet are affected the most. [7]