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In physical geography, tundra (/ ˈ t ʌ n d r ə, ˈ t ʊ n-/) is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by frigid temperatures and short growing seasons. There are three regions and associated types of tundra: Arctic tundra, [2] alpine tundra, [2] and Antarctic tundra. [3] Tundra vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges, grasses ...
The Tundra Biome, with terrestrial ecoregions within: the Palearctic realm , Nearctic realm , Australasian realm , and Antarctic realm . Further information: List of tundra ecoregions
North Victoria Land tundra: Victoria Land: Northeast Antarctic Peninsula tundra: Antarctic Peninsula: Northwest Antarctic Peninsula tundra: Antarctic Peninsula: Prince Charles Mountains tundra: Prince Charles Mountains: Scotia Sea Islands tundra: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, South Shetland Islands, Bouvet Island: South ...
North Victoria Land tundra: Victoria Land: Northeast Antarctic Peninsula tundra: Antarctic Peninsula: Northwest Antarctic Peninsula tundra: Antarctic Peninsula: Prince Charles Mountains tundra: Prince Charles Mountains: Scotia Sea Islands tundra: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, South Shetland Islands, Bouvet Island: South ...
An old castaway hut on the Antipodes Islands.. The islands constituting this ecoregion share a long history of isolation, both from other landmasses and each other. The isolation, combined with harsh climates characterised by low temperatures, strong westerly winds and few hours of sunlight in winter, have resulted in the evolution of many endemic plants and animals, though species richness is ...
A speculative representation of Antarctica labelled as ' Terra Australis Incognita ' on Jan Janssonius's Zeekaart van het Zuidpoolgebied (1657), Het Scheepvaartmuseum The name given to the continent originates from the word antarctic, which comes from Middle French antartique or antarctique ('opposite to the Arctic') and, in turn, the Latin antarcticus ('opposite to the north').
Over the past 50 years, the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula has been – and still is – one of the most rapidly warming parts of the planet, [1] [2] and the coasts of the Peninsula are the only parts of West Antarctica that become (in summer) ice-free. These constitute the Marielandia Antarctic tundra and have the warmest climate in ...
A tundra landscape probably persisted until about 12.8 Ma when the transition from a temperate, alpine glaciation to a dynamic ice sheet occurred. Eventually, the Antarctic Peninsula was overridden by an ice sheet, which has persisted without any interruption to this day, in the early Pliocene, about 5.3–3.6 Ma. [24] [25]