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The Hawthorne effect is a type of human behavior reactivity in which individuals modify an aspect of their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The effect was discovered in the context of research conducted at the Hawthorne Western Electric plant; however, some scholars think the descriptions are fictitious.
The Hawthorne effect occurs when research study participants know they are being studied and alter their performance because of the attention they receive from the experimenters. The John Henry effect , a specific form of Hawthorne effect, occurs when the participants in the control group alter their behavior out of awareness that they are in ...
Hawthorne effect, a form of reactivity in which subjects modify an aspect of their behavior, in response to their knowing that they are being studied; Observer-expectancy effect, a form of reactivity in which a researcher's cognitive bias causes them to unconsciously influence the participants of an experiment
The term "Hawthorne effect" refers to the type of reactivity in which individuals modify an aspect of their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] It was first observed in data from the Hawthorne Works collected by psychologist Elton Mayo and later reinterpreted by Henry A. Landsberger, who coined the term.
Bystander effect; Cheerleader effect; Cinderella effect; Cocktail party effect; Contrast effect; Coolidge effect; Crespi effect; Cross-race effect; Curse of knowledge; Diderot effect; Dunning–Kruger effect; Einstellung effect; Endowment effect; Face superiority effect; False fame effect; False-consensus effect; False-uniqueness effect; Fan ...
However, knowledge of participation in the study would be required by law and is thought to still have the potential to cause the induction of the Hawthorne effect. [15] Further, making responses or study data completely anonymous will result in reducing the likelihood of participants altering their behaviour as a result of being observed as ...
Popular examples of the Mandela effect. Here are some Mandela effect examples that have confused me over the years — and many others too. Grab your friends and see which false memories you may ...
Gibbs–Donnan effect (biology) (physics) Gibbs–Thomson effect (petrology) (thermodynamics) Glass house effect (culture) (surveillance) Glasser effect (physics) Goos–Hänchen effect (optical phenomena) Great Salt Lake effect (natural history of Utah) Green-beard effect (evolution) (evolutionary biology) (game theory) (selection)