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Example of direct replication and conceptual replication. There are two main types of replication in statistics. First, there is a type called “exact replication” (also called "direct replication"), which involves repeating the study as closely as possible to the original to see whether the original results can be precisely reproduced. [3]
In the statistical physics of spin glasses and other systems with quenched disorder, the replica trick is a mathematical technique based on the application of the formula: = or: = where is most commonly the partition function, or a similar thermodynamic function.
The phrase replication crisis was coined in the early 2010s [6] as part of a growing awareness of the problem. Considerations of causes and remedies have given rise to a new scientific discipline, metascience , [ 7 ] which uses methods of empirical research to examine empirical research practice.
Despite the greatest strides in mathematics, these hard math problems remain unsolved. Take a crack at them yourself. ... For example, x²-6 is a polynomial with integer coefficients, since 1 and ...
A college student just solved a seemingly paradoxical math problem—and the answer came from an incredibly unlikely place. Skip to main content. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800 ...
Reproducibility, closely related to replicability and repeatability, is a major principle underpinning the scientific method.For the findings of a study to be reproducible means that results obtained by an experiment or an observational study or in a statistical analysis of a data set should be achieved again with a high degree of reliability when the study is replicated.
Many mathematical problems have been stated but not yet solved. These problems come from many areas of mathematics, such as theoretical physics, computer science, algebra, analysis, combinatorics, algebraic, differential, discrete and Euclidean geometries, graph theory, group theory, model theory, number theory, set theory, Ramsey theory, dynamical systems, and partial differential equations.
In the first example provided above, the sex of the patient would be a nuisance variable. For example, consider if the drug was a diet pill and the researchers wanted to test the effect of the diet pills on weight loss. The explanatory variable is the diet pill and the response variable is the amount of weight loss.